echemi logo
Product
  • Product
  • Supplier
  • Inquiry
    Home > Medical News > Latest Medical News > [2] How to predict the efficacy of the new coronavirus!

    [2] How to predict the efficacy of the new coronavirus!

    • Last Update: 2020-02-13
    • Source: Internet
    • Author: User
    Search more information of high quality chemicals, good prices and reliable suppliers, visit www.echemi.com
    It has been more than two months since the emergence of new coronavirus pneumonia On the one hand, research institutions have been happy and quick, and several inhibitors have emerged On the other hand, the health care Commission has repeatedly stressed that there is no specific drug Novel coronavirus pneumonia is a standard, randomized, double-blind, controlled clinical trial (RCT) It is a time-consuming, laborious and costly three fee project It is impossible to imagine a drug The clinical trials are currently in 37 clinical trials 37 projects have been registered for clinical application, and radcivir has launched phase 3) Some experts have made different voices For example, Professor Xiang Yan of San Antonio Medical Center in the United States thinks that some clinical trials are purely follow-up and waste resources How are these drugs screened out? Can we predict the effectiveness of drugs before clinical trials? Generally speaking, before clinical trials, animal experiments should be done first to determine the safety and effectiveness of the drug However, due to the lack of animal models and time, currently, only in vitro cell screening can be used to predict the anti-neocoronavirus activity of the drug None of the drugs have passed the animal test, and radcivir has only been tested on the relatives of SARS and mers The people's daily screamed on the second day of the rush to buy Shuanghuanglian: "inhibition does not mean prevention and treatment! Do not rush " It is true that in vitro experiments can not replace clinical evaluation, but for professionals, basic scientific research is essential At present, if you want to compare the new coronavirus inhibition, you can only analyze it from in vitro experiments In vitro test is also the most basic method for screening antiviral compounds Coronavirus is the ferocious Li Kui in vivo and the weak Lin Daiyu in vitro There are many people who can knock down Lin Mei Mei Therefore, we can't hold a press conference to say that you can inhibit Li Kui (although there is no problem with the word "inhibition", dragging the hind leg can also be considered as inhibition) We still need quantitative analysis: exercise It's more hopeful to beat sister Lin with a little finger than Fei jiuniu and erhu First of all, let's see how the out of body test is done? Take a cup, add the cells with virus in the first step, add the candidate drugs in the second step, and observe whether the virus weakens (the pathological effect of virus on cells is inhibited) How to predict which medicine is more powerful? Although there are many influencing factors, let's simplify the complexity and see which combat effectiveness index is higher Let alone, there is a whole set of evaluation indexes Take radcivir, which is most likely to become a magic drug at present, for example, "EC50 = 0.77 μ m; cc50 > 100 μ m; Si > 129.87" If you are a master, you can see this public combat power explosion table at a glance If you can't understand it, don't be afraid Here's a vernacular interpretation: the first one can be called "attack index": half effective concentration (EC50), the smaller the concentration, the stronger the attack power EC50 refers to the drug concentration when 50% of the virus is inhibited in vitro test, and its unit is mol / L "EC50 = 0.77 μ m" means that when the concentration reaches 0.77 micromol per liter, the drug can inhibit 50% of the virus, ranking first among all the candidate drugs, and the concentration is only 7 / 1000 of ribavirin EC50 is usually sensitive and repeatable, and it is an important quantitative index of response efficacy Only when half of the effective concentration is very low can it be clinically effective On the contrary, low activity means high dose and hundreds of drugs can work at a time Dare you take it? You dare to eat, and the doctor dare not use it! The second can be called "toxicity index": the concentration of half toxicity (cc50) The higher the concentration, the lower the toxicity Cc50 refers to the concentration of drugs when 50% of host cells are destroyed in vitro test, similar to "LD50" (the dosage of drugs when half of the test animals are poisoned) which is equivalent to the toxicity in animal test "Cc50 > 100 μ m" means that 50% of the host cells can be destroyed only when the concentration of the drug exceeds 100 μ M Host cells are the normal cells of human body Drugs can not kill cells while killing viruses The reason why people infected with the new coronavirus get pneumonia is that in order to kill the virus, the human body's own white blood cells overreacted and damaged the protective image If the toxicity index is too high, no matter how strong the combat effectiveness is, you will not be able to use it Otherwise, the huge side effects or sequelae will make you unable to eat and walk around The third index is the selection index (SI) As the name implies, it directly tells you who to choose The higher the index is, the more secure and effective it is, the more worthy it is to choose Si = cc50 / EC50, this index takes into account the first two indexes, and selects drugs with good pertinence, strong virus killing, weak cell killing, and clear love and hate Ridcivir Si is 129.87, ranking first among all the candidate drugs at present, 36 times of ribavirin (Si = 3.65), and ribavirin has been written into the latest "new coronavirus pneumonia diagnosis and treatment program" The fourth can be called "mechanism index", which is a qualitative index added by the author It is used to indicate the direction The more similar the internal and external mechanism of the drug, the clearer the mechanism, the higher the index What's the mechanism of radcivir? Ridcivir is an RNA dependent RNA replicase (RdRp) inhibitor, which can play an antiviral role by inhibiting the synthesis of viral nucleic acids The RNA replicase of the virus is very silly It not only connects the fake nucleotide like radcivir to the synthetic chain as the genuine nucleotide, but once it is connected, it can't be removed It's like an extra thing on the zipper, which can't be pulled down, so the genetic material behind can't continue to synthesize, and the virus can't replicate The magic of this method is equivalent to ligating the virus to make them die The enzyme of human cells is much more intelligent, with a unique error correction mechanism If there is an error, the drug will be cut off directly and can be copied, so the damage of such drugs to human beings is limited And this theory of action can be realized in vivo and in vitro Yeah, it sounds like fun! On the contrary, if the mechanism of action is not clear, it seems that there is no compass to point out the direction Although we may reach a distant destination in the vast sea, after all, there are many risks Well, I'm not afraid of not knowing the goods, I'm only afraid of comparing the goods What's the combat effectiveness index of Rhett seway? Are there any competitors? The author lists some candidate chemicals in the current report as follows You can compare them by yourself, but some research institutions only say that in vitro test has effect, do not give data or throw out an effective concentration (not a few indexes commonly used in academia) It's strange that readers need to be careful when making comparison In addition, the author also collected a number of drugs screened by artificial intelligence using computer models and in vitro tests, which are listed for reference only Seven potential drugs selected by Wuhan Virus Research Institute were published on cell research, which made outstanding contributions to the search for new coronavirus specific drugs Shuanghuanglian data was not published in the paper In fact, the list of drugs with poor or no effect on virus inhibition in vitro is also worthy of attention, so as to avoid other people's repeated or wrong research The author hereby strongly appeals to research institutions to disclose the test results of all drugs that have been tested in vitro If the mechanism of action of a drug is not reliable, or the required concentration is too high and the toxicity is too high, it should not directly enter the clinical trial One of the candidate drugs in the above list is eye-catching, that is, chloroquine phosphate, which was originally used to treat malaria, has almost the same combat effectiveness index as the top 1 radcivir, leaving other candidate drugs far behind Moreover, chloroquine is an old drug already on the market, with guaranteed safety and no need for "compassionate drug", which can be directly used in patients Whether it works or not, it has to be done through clinical trial results (see the author's statement, "who has the final say?" Radcivir clinical trial is super popular! " But, after all, we have added some hope! No, spring is coming soon Listen to the white statement: this point of view only represents the author, not the position of yaozhi.com, welcome to exchange and supplement in the message area; if you need to reprint, please be sure to indicate the author and source of the article.
    This article is an English version of an article which is originally in the Chinese language on echemi.com and is provided for information purposes only. This website makes no representation or warranty of any kind, either expressed or implied, as to the accuracy, completeness ownership or reliability of the article or any translations thereof. If you have any concerns or complaints relating to the article, please send an email, providing a detailed description of the concern or complaint, to service@echemi.com. A staff member will contact you within 5 working days. Once verified, infringing content will be removed immediately.

    Contact Us

    The source of this page with content of products and services is from Internet, which doesn't represent ECHEMI's opinion. If you have any queries, please write to service@echemi.com. It will be replied within 5 days.

    Moreover, if you find any instances of plagiarism from the page, please send email to service@echemi.com with relevant evidence.