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    Home > Medical News > Latest Medical News > 20 cold knowledge about blood

    20 cold knowledge about blood

    • Last Update: 2014-11-05
    • Source: Internet
    • Author: User
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    In fact, it's not really cold knowledge, but it will certainly deepen your understanding of blood types and blood diseases 1 In 1901, Karl Landsteiner first discovered the existence of blood group by observing that different people's blood would clot when mixed together Later, he divided the blood types into a, B and o 2 However, ABO is not the only blood group system At present, there are up to 33 blood types recognized by the international society of blood transfusion, including various bizarre names, such as Lutheran, Duffy, HH / Bombay and OK 3 The differences between different blood groups are mainly reflected in the different molecular types on the surface of red blood cells If the donor does not match the type of molecules in the recipient's blood, there will be a fatal rejection after transfusion, because the recipient's body will attack the foreign blood 4 But not all blood types are so sensitive to blood transfusion This phenomenon only appears in some extremely rare mutants, and they usually only exist in specific ethnic groups So, for most people, the risk is low because of a blood type mismatch 5 It was only two years ago that researchers formally classified junior blood groups by molecular confirmation Most people's blood is Junio positive, but in Japan, as many as 50000 people are Junio negative For these unfortunate people, blood type mismatches can have dangerous consequences 6 Blood type is not a patent of human For example, dogs have more than ten blood types 7 Before the blood type was found, some doctors had carried out blood transfusion experiments between human and animals, and the results were conceivable - failure 8 In 1667, a French doctor named Jean Baptiste Denis tried to treat the mental illness of the patient by injecting the calf's blood into the patient's body The patient tolerated the first transfusion, but during the second larger transfusion, the patient had significant adverse reactions: vomiting, blackening of urine (by no means a good thing), and kidney pain 9 After the third or even fourth transfusion, the patient died Dr Dennis was also charged with murder, but was acquitted shortly after there was conclusive evidence that the patient died of arsenide poisoning rather than blood transfusion therapy 10 According to the historian Holly Tucker's book blood work, some other doctors, fearing the ethical risks brought by blood transfusion therapy, jointly planned and implemented the poisoning case, aiming to make Denis's experiment fail and avoid the widespread application of the treatment 11 When it comes to suspicious behavior, the most famous one is the 1892 incident in Exeter, R.I., England A family dug out the body of a man who died of tuberculosis named mercy brown, burned the heart and liver of the body to ashes, and asked the sick brother of the family to take the ashes They believe that the family's illness was caused by the vampire that Messi Brown became 12 The "vampire scare" that began in New England in the 19th century coincided with the outbreak of tuberculosis Families of people who die of illness are often infected and then die, leading citizens to attribute this phenomenon to supernatural forces 13 The real "blood sucking" behavior, in fact, widely exists in more than 14000 kinds of insects, including the terror vampire - bedbug, which is common on the mattress 14 In the view of entomologists, a small bite of blood can be called a blood meal After enjoying the first blood meal, the colorless young bedbug will turn blood red 15 It's not a good thing to be sucked by a bedbug, but it's not serious at least A heavier burden has been plaguing the royal family until recently This is hemophilia, a blood clotting disorder The mutation that led to the disease began quietly in the Victorian era 16 In 2009, researchers thought that the royal family disease, called hemophilia B, was very rare The incidence of the disease in American men was only 1 / 25000, one fifth of the number of patients with hemophilia A a 17 The conclusion comes from an analysis of the remains of the murdered Russian Romanov family, descended from Victoria's daughter alice.18 now doctors treat hemophilia patients by injecting them with clotting factors Clotting factors usually come from people's donated blood, a substance that patients lack 19 Researchers are trying to inject genes that make clotting factors into patients' own cells In 2011, six hemophilia patients received the gene therapy, which reduced or even stopped the daily injection of clotting factors 20 However, no one has proposed to use gene therapy for a more common blood induced disease, ice cream headache The disease is usually thought to be caused by the sudden change of oral temperature, which leads to the rapid expansion of the blood vessels of the anterior cerebral artery, thus causing headache So patients have to live with pain  
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