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    Home > Biochemistry News > Biotechnology News > 2016 could be the dawn year when humans discover extratern earthly life.

    2016 could be the dawn year when humans discover extratern earthly life.

    • Last Update: 2020-09-14
    • Source: Internet
    • Author: User
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    When Courage landed on Mars that year, there was a picture of a Martian protesting by a melon-eating crowd.
    now, Courage does seem to have found evidence of suspected life on Mars.
    2016 could be the dawn year when humans discover extratern earthly life.
    say this because recent geological discoveries on Earth have brought back a set of "old photographs" taken on Mars 10 years ago.
    if there's a good connection between the two, it's going to make big news.
    10 years ago, the discovery of opals on Mars began with old photographs from 10 years ago.
    long before the famous Curiosity landed on Mars, his predecessor, the Spirit rover, shot an unusual rock on Mars.
    these stones have branches, like slim fingers, or wrapped in nods, shaped like shallow-sea creatures.
    Courage measured its mineral composition using its own small thermal radiation spectrometer (Mini-TES, Miniature Thermal Emission Spectrometer) and found that they were amoearing forms of silicon dioxide (SiO2), or Opal, as we often call it.
    discovery of these Martian opals brought a lot of heat to the planetary science world.
    found on Mars suggests that the silent, desolate planet has also been active in thermal activity.
    found opals on Mars by the Courage rover.
    image source: Nature Communications You might ask, isn't silicon dioxide flooding the Earth's crust? After all, quartz (SiO2), which belongs to silica like opal, is the main rock-making mineral in the lithosphere.
    rare for a Mars rover to find silicon dioxide? The reason you think SiO2 is flooding in the earth's crust is because you're on Earth.
    rarely seen on three other rocky planets (Mars, Venus, Mercury).
    a relatively lukewarm scientific fact is that the four rocky planets in the solar system have not experienced strong chemical differences except Earth.
    we all know that the main components of rocky planets are oxygen (O), silicon (Si), aluminum (Al), iron (Fe), magnesium (Mg), and calcium (Ca).
    Si and O dominated, the back four were not easy to get through.
    these are cations, and for them to "survive" - that is, to stabilize their survival in the form of electroneu neutral compounds - enough anions are needed to pair them.
    carefully look at these 6 elements, looking for a reliable anion, really can only play Si and O ideas.
    so we had SiO42-.
    when we assign this acid root to an cation, we have silicate, the most important material component on all rocky planets.
    SiO2 is not silicate, it is a simple oxide.
    its existence, it is a sign of Si and O oversaturation in an environment.
    other than that, when the cations of Mg, Fe, and Ca are all consumed or removed, if there is any remaining Si and O, they will be combined in a separate form to eventually form SiO2.
    Thanks to the soft currents that have been active for billions of years, and from plate tectonics that never stop once they've been opened, Earth, the solar system's maverick individual, has created a history of geodynamics that can crush other planets.
    For billions of years, the Earth's mantle has been pumping magma into the earth's crust, and the process of magma gushing is precisely a chemically dissociated process: Mg and Fe's silicates precipitate from the magma because they crystallize earlier and more significantly, eventually allowing the remaining magma to be rich in Si and O.
    when they reach the Earth's surface and crystallize into rock, they bring a large amount of SiO2 into the earth's crust.
    is the essential reason why we can see a lot of quartz in the Earth's crust today.
    the other three planets? Sorry, soon after the birth, it cooled down early.
    the continuous evolution of billions of years like Earth, it is a night of heaven and earth for them.
    they shut down the ts flow system early and closed the windows for deep material to get in and out of the surface.
    , the most we've ever seen on these already sleepy planets is the magnesium-iron rock.
    Courage finally discovered SiO2 on Mars.
    are defined by a hierarchical law, indicating that they formed during the Noahian period between 4.5 billion and 3.5 billion years ago.
    time, mars' interior had not cooled completely, and its tectonic activity might have been as active as Earth's.
    since Mars does not have a macro-difference in planet size, these maverick silicon dioxides must have come from local tectonic-thermal events.
    the upper and lower layers of these opals, which are located just between two sets of magnesium iron volcanic rocks.
    geologists used the principles of ancient times and earth to infer that there was a lot of thermal activity on Mars at that time.
    heat can easily filter Fe and Mg ions from the molecular skeletons of the rocks up and down volcanic rock formations, sieve Si and O out.
    , the oversaturated Si and O solidify into separate opals.
    as to what these products of thermal activity represent in the sedimentary environment, given that no crucial evidence was presented at that time, there is gradually no following.
    , after all, the rover will get some big news to Earth from time to time, and there are too many places on Mars that attract people.
    the first decade of the 21st century on a similar journey to Mars.
    people witnessed the sleep of Courage and the arrival of Curiosity.
    as long as the rover's ruts continue slowly on this red wasteland, the story of the star will surely continue.
    , the Earth is now found with laminar stones, the arrows of time pointing to 2016, and coordinates have moved back to our planet from Mars.
    came to South America, to Chile, to a region called El Tatio.
    the El Tatio region of the Earth is dotted with hot water spouts.
    : Nature Communications Is the largest ocean plate on Earth , the front of the Pacific Plate's dive into the South American continent.
    intense plate-squeezing, created a narrow and magnificent Andean mountain belt.
    tectonic movement gave birth to an active volcanic effect, allowing jet air and hot springs to spread over the narrow country.
    the heat they spew brings a lot of sediment to the surface.
    Chile is also in the prevailing western wind belt, water-scarce and dry environmental characteristics, so that these extremely unstable chemicals on the surface of the whole remain intact.
    El Tatio region has thus become a good natural laboratory on Earth, and researchers have used the features of the land to simulate the Martian climate billions of years ago.
    soon, people found something very similar to what Courage saw on Mars in this interesting place.
    story would be of little interest if it were just ingredient-like, such as opal.
    silicon dioxide deposits in the El Tatio region are not only very similar in appearance to Martian opals, but, crucially, exhibit very similar spectral features on the Mini-TES spectrum.
    siO2 sediments in other parts of the planet, such as yellowstone in the United States, are significantly more deviated from the spectrum.
    show a very close correlation between the El Tatio region and the sediments on Mars, both in terms of macro-shape and micro-features.
    these SiO2 sediments, wrapped in a micron-grade halite (Halite, NaCl) shell, are considered to be key evidence of jet-hole hydrothermal activity - they are sediments left on the output channel by chlorine-rich hydrothermal fluid.
    salts are extremely soluble in water, but thanks to the unique dry climate characteristics of the El Tatio region, these sediments containing micron-grade stone salt shells have been fortunately preserved.
    if it were used to explain the well-related counterparts on Mars, one could boldly say that what Courage found was probably an active thermal eruption hole on Mars that year.
    the Earth's hot-liquid spewing mouth, home to a large number of chemical life bacteria.
    these bacteria are primitive, in fact, they are the first form of life on Earth.
    as early as the ever-changing Segu era of the Earth's environment, these tiny primitive bacteria were perimeterded near chemical-rich eruptions, relying on the chemical energy of the heat.
    as small bacteria change generations, their metabolites pile up and gradually form a macro-structure, laminate stone.
    skeletons of these opal deposits in the El Tatio region are the product of laminational stones left over from the intergenerational replacement of bacteria.
    on Earth, there really isn't much inorgetable geological behavior that can shape natural works that are so finely and uniquely structured, so compositional, and so hard to preserve.
    the opals on Mars (left column) and the cascades on Earth (right column) on the same scale, we can see that they have obvious similarities.
    image Source: Nature Communications Now, here's the question: What about Mars?We did see similar opals with fine branch-like structures, and we were careful to explain, in terms of shape and rock chemistry, that they might form in the thermal eruption hole environment.
    question is: Is there any other cause besides bacteria? At least, on Earth, it's hard to find causes that have nothing to do with living things.
    , scientists have conservatively referred to the associated opal structure on Mars as "Potential Biosignature," a potential feature of life activity.
    According to NASA's definition, the so-called potential features of life activity refer to an object, a substance, or a structure that may be formed by biological causes, but more data needs to be collected to refine the evidence before a defined conclusion can be drawn.
    scientist's words, although the water does not leak, but for those of us who eat melons, why not make a bold guess? Anyway, we're never afraid of being too busy.
    if follow-up studies ultimately fail to identify bioengineering, OK, the sun will rise as usual on both planets.
    the other way around, if this study really touches the truth about life on Mars, then this tail of 2016 may be in the anthr hand.
    , we are the people of the times.
    (Editing: Steed; Typography: Sol_ Yangyang) References: Ruff, S. W. and Farmer, J. D. Silica deposits on Mars with features of a total of oneing hot spring biosignatures at El Tatio in Chile. Nat. Commun. 7, 13554. doi: 10.1038/ncomms13554 (2016).This article comes from Fruit Shell.com and declines to be reproduced If necessary please contact sns@guokr.com to welcome individuals forwarded to the circle of friends scientific research latest developments, academic updates, top scholars' thinking and insights.
    source: fruit shell net.
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