2020 Nobel Prize in Medicine: When will the blank half-century hepatitis C vaccine be available?

Text . . .2020 Nobel Prize in Medicine was announced at 5:34 p.m. Beijing time on Oct. 5.
, American and British scientists Harvey J. Alter, Michael Houghton and Charles M. Rice were honored for "discovering the hepatitis C virus."
is one of the leading global health problems that cause cirrhosis and liver cancer in people around the world.
the industry generally believe that the occurrence of liver cancer is a continuous lesions, generally experience hepatitis (various types) - cirrhosis - liver cancer in this order.
who listed HCV as a class of carcinogens as early as 2017.
the findings of three Nobel prize winners this year reveal the reasons for the remaining cases of chronic hepatitis and make blood tests and new drugs possible, making it possible to develop antiviral drugs that directly affect hepatitis C.
the first time in history that the disease can be cured, and millions of people with hepatitis C have had their lives saved.
but is this disease, which was understood as a cause 30 years ago, that no vaccine is available today? Together with the AIDS vaccine and influenza virus vaccine, it is listed as a typical failure of vaccine development.
30 years, but no vaccine has yet come out of the root cause of the current study results show that blocking the advent of hepatitis C vaccine, there are four major virus characteristics are crucial.
1, the variety of different from the early emergence of hepatitis A, hepatitis B and hepatitis E vaccine, due to the variability of the hepatitis C virus genome, 7 different genotypes and up to 67 subtypes, the difference between genotypes of nucleotides as high as 30% to 35%.
Expecting a unit-price vaccine to effectively prevent infection of all genotypes of the virus has become largely impossible, and the main research and development consideration is either to find a conservative virus table as a vaccine target or to develop a multi-priced vaccine, as is the case with cervical cancer (HPV) vaccines.
2, not good culture due to the hepatitis C virus in-body cell culture difficulty, even in-body infected cells can not do, let alone amplification.
currently rely mainly on molecular biology methods to clone this new virus.
large numbers of virus particles are difficult to obtain, making it difficult to produce inactivated or detoxifying vaccines that meet demand, making it more difficult to scale up to commercial production, and making it difficult for women to cook without rice.
3, difficult to remove the vaccine is actually a process of simulating natural infections, activating the body's immune system.
only 20% to 40% of HCV infections naturally remove the virus, and the rest suffer from chronic infections that last for life.
reference to the natural clearance rate of 0% of AIDS, hepatitis C is not as difficult as the AIDS vaccine "hell grade".
but also far more difficult than several other hepatitis.
at the same time, as long as some patients can naturally remove the virus, it means that we still hope to activate the body's immune potential to fight the virus.
4, lack of models due to the hepatitis C virus's natural host single, only humans and chimpanzees are likely to be infected.
but relying on chimpanzees as experimental animals is expressly prohibited, resulting in related animal testing is difficult to carry out, relying solely on gene-edited mouse models and other research work, the effect is really not good.
The cure rate of hepatitis C drugs is high, enterprises and the government's willingness to research and development is not strong on the other hand, because the government generally believes that hepatitis C can be cured by drugs, resulting in the relevant government research and development intentions and research investment decline, compared to active research and development of hepatitis C vaccine, more enterprises will choose more insurance hepatitis C treatment drug research and development.
Although the cost of treatment of hepatitis C in China has generally decreased significantly in recent years, in November 2019, due to the publication of the National Basic Medical Insurance, Industrial Injury Insurance and Maternity Insurance Drug Catalog, the price of three hepatitis C special effects drugs of Gilead and Merca East pharmaceutical companies - C-to-Sands, Xia Fanning and Shobaida - was effectively reduced to 10,000 yuan.
and in the Hepatitis C Guidelines (2019 edition) there are still a number of drugs as the first choice for hepatitis C antiviral therapy, the effectiveness and burden of drug treatment has changed significantly from previous years.
the same time, hepatitis C drug treatment target is insufficient, the effect is insufficient, the long-term repetition of the disease and the high cost of out-of-the-money treatment and other factors are still better development, the disadvantage is obvious.
2018, the global HCV infection rate is about 3%, about 180 million people are infected with HCV, and about 40 million people are infected in China, according to WHO.
" fight against HCV, medication alone is still not enough, but also need to start with prevention.
A truly eliminate an infectious disease, vaccines are always the only option, and hopefully the discovery of the hepatitis C virus will advance the development of the hepatitis C vaccine," said most industry sources.
's hepatitis C enterprise layout or will be replaced by a vaccine in the future On June 30, 2020 Gilead announced that the sophosphorus vulva tablets known as the "Ji Si Generation" (commodity name: Voswe, Sophosebwe 400mg/Vipatave 100mg/Vosserive 100mg) are listed in China.
used to treat patients who have previously failed to receive a direct antiviral drug (DAA) program, including chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection in adults without cirrhosis or ad liable cirrhosis.
include Gilead's previously marketed hepatitis C drugs, as well as antiviral treatments from pharmaceutical companies such as Mercedon, AbbVie and Goliath Pharmaceuticals.
antiviral therapy is an effective means of treating hepatitis C, pharmaceutical companies have also listed a number of hepatitis C drugs.
Photo Source: Sina Pharmaceutical News Imagine, if the world's first hepatitis C vaccine can come out, hepatitis C can be eliminated, today's hepatitis C treatment market pattern will face how to change, at least for Gilead, Merca East, AbbVie, Gori Pharmaceuticals and other large enterprises of hepatitis C layout impact is obvious, by the Nobel Prize in medicine hype, some netizens said: "hepatitis C vaccine, the world" is not unreasonable!