8 truths about trans fatty acids, you should know this!!

,
, June
22
,
2017
press conference on the interpretation of trans fatty acids by experts was held in Beijing.is Zhong Kai, deputy director of the Science and Technology Food and Nutrition Information Exchange Center. Xinhua Li Jiang photoIn recent years,

tra-fatty acidshas become the focus of media and public debate,
"
trans fatty acids have a great health risk

,
"
trans fatty acids are the time bomb on the table
"
and other conclusions are frequently reported.In fact, individual media on the spread and harm of trans fatty acids exaggerated reports, and mistakenly baked food related raw materials
-
-
margarine, hydrogenated vegetable oil, fat implants, ghee, cocoa butter and other direct equivalent to trans fatty acids, some cognitive one-sided, false false reports caused some consumer panic, the industry and related enterprises caused adverse effects and economic losses. To this end, the China Food Disinformation Alliance and the China Baked Food Sugar Products Industry Association invited relevant experts to carry out an objective and fair interpretation of trans fatty acids.,
22
22
, by Xinhua news agency
.
China Food Disinformation Alliance and China Baked Food Sugar Products Industry Association jointly organized the
"2017
expert interpretation trans fatty acid press conference
"
held in Beijing.meeting, Zhong Kai, deputy director of the Science and Nutrition Information Exchange Center, explained the
dietary intake level of
trans fatty acids and the international trans fatty acid management
"
of the residents of China. He said that, on the whole, China's trans fatty acids on the health of the population is very low, and the management of trans fatty acids, the international practice is one through labeling management, the other is to carry out dietary recommendations.do trans fatty acids come from? Zhong Kai introduced, cattle, lamb and milk, dairy products contain a small amount of trans fatty acids, which is a natural source of anti-fat. The other part comes from the processing process, mainly in the hydrogenation of vegetable oil, refining process. A small amount of trans fatty acids can also be produced when the oil temperature is too high and the time is too long during food frying and frying. Trans fatty acids from processing sources are the focus of attention.about trans fatty acids, what you should know
8
the truth!is trans fat, trans fatty acid?trans fatty acids (
TFA
) are carbon chains containing one or more non-conjugate trans-bonds unsaturated fatty acids and all isomers, is the body's non-essential fatty acids. We often say that fat is made up of fatty acids and glyceroglycerides, animal oil, vegetable oil are the same. Trans fatty acids are also just one type of fatty acid, because its chemical structure has one or more
"
un conjugated trans-bonds
"
and is an unsaturated fatty acid. Fats that contain trans fatty acids are called trans fats.do trans fatty acids come from? What is the health impact?fatty acids in food products come from two sources, namely natural sources and processing sources, and natural foods are mainly ruminants, such as cattle, sheep and other meat, fat, milk and dairy products. Processing sources are mainly produced in the hydrogenation and refining process of vegetable oil, food frying and frying process oil temperature is too high and too long will also produce a small amount of trans fatty acids, and processing sources of trans fatty acids are the focus of attention.survey showed Chinese half of the trans fatty acids eaten in the country came from vegetable oils, and beef, mutton and dairy products also accounted for a larger proportion.have mistakenly believed that trans fats are deposited in the body and metabolized. Studies have shown that trans fats are metabolized in the same way as regular fats, and no differences in the metabolic pathways of trans fats in infants, children, adolescents, and adults have been found. Some studies have shown that trans fats interfere with the metabolism of other essential fatty acids. However, the EU believes that as long as the intake of essential fatty acids is appropriate, it will not be affected.the relationship between trans fatty acids and health effects such as obesity, cancer, diabetes, growth and development, reproductive health, Alzheimer's disease, depression, and violent tendencies has not yet been determined in academia. What is clear is its association with cardiovascular disease. At the same time, the consensus in the academic community is that trans fatty acids are not essential fatty acids in the human body, which have obvious potential harm to health. Studies in recent decades have shown that excessive intake of trans fatty acids increases the risk of cardiovascular disease, such as reducing good HDL cholesterol and increasing
"
bad
"
LDL cholesterol. But there is not enough evidence to suggest that trans fatty acids cause other harms. It's true to eat less trans fatty acids, but trans fatty acids are almost impossible to eat at all, because there are cattle and sheep products and dairy products, which is why national nutrition guidelines do not propose remove trans fatty acids from the diet
"
. The American Academy of Sciences recommends eating as little trans fatty acids as possible while ensuring adequate nutrition. trans fatty acids are the result of long-term accumulation, as long as not to eat, the risk to health is controllable, the key is to control the amount. To avoid the risk of excessive intake of trans fatty acids, the World Health Organization (
WHO
) recommended in 2003

that trans fats should be less than
1%
. The trans fat energy ratio refers to the energy provided by trans fats as a percentage of total dietary energy intake, which is equivalent to eating
2.2
grams of trans fat for an adult who needs to consume
8,400
kJ of energy per day. hydrogenated vegetable oils and fats are not equal to trans fatty acids vegetable oil hydrogenation technology as early as the
20th century

70s
began commercial applications, initially replacing
"
innant
"
lard as
"
ghee
"
. Hydrogenated vegetable oils are mainly used in the baked goods and confectionery industry, but also in beverages, ice cream, frying and other food fields, usually in bread, biscuits, cakes, cocoa butter chocolate and other foods sandwich, coating or pasta. it is important to note that vegetable oils are not fully hydrogenated to produce trans fatty acids, and if they are fully hydrogenated, they are not trans fats but saturated fats, so hydrogenated vegetable oils cannot be equated with trans fatty acids. Of course, complete hydrogenation will lead to a significant increase in saturated fat content, not too much consumption. refining process is mainly to remove impurities and odors, improve the sensory and process performance of oils. Due to the high temperature treatment procedure, a small amount of trans fatty acids is produced. Refined vegetable smoke point significantly improved, the intuitive feeling is less smoke. In addition, refined oils are more resistant to storage because they remove aldehyde ketone acids. In short, the advantages of refining vegetable oil outweigh the disadvantages. the food industry use hydrogenated oils? Initially, some processed foods need to use animal fats as their source of fat due to their properties, but later experts found that animal fats in saturated fatty acids because of cholesterol is harmful to the heart, so began to consider replacing with vegetable oil (no cholesterol), but vegetable oils are mostly composed of unsaturated fatty acids, easily oxidized, can not be stored for long periods of time; Therefore, the use of hydrogenation process to make vegetable oils and fats become solid or semi-solid state, the advantage is good antioxidant stability, long storage period, not only to meet processing needs, but also because of cholesterol-free, to avoid the harm to the heart. Therefore, hydrogenated oils and fats are widely used in the food industry. , most oil manufacturers use palm oil as raw material for hydrogenated oil, so that the content of trans fatty acids in hydrogenated oil is very low. At the same time, the content of trans fatty acids can be reduced by using enzyme method or chemical lipid exchange, product formulation adjustment, sub-formulation technology, and improving hydrogenation process. In recent years, many regular oil manufacturers in China have taken effective measures to improve the production process, the production of low trans fatty acid content or basically no trans fatty acids of vegetable fats. The General Regulations on Nutrition Labeling of Food Safety
Prepackaged Food Nutrition Labels,
(GB28050-
2011), which were implemented on 1
January
, 2013,
stipulates that, if the food ingredients contain or are produced with hydrogenated and
/or partially hydrogenated fats, the anti-fatty acid content must be indicated in the nutritional content table of the food label. If


100
ml of food containing less than
0.3
grams of trans fatty acids, it can be labeled
"0"
, similar There are also trans fatty acids, no trans fatty acids, no trans fatty acids,
100%
no trans fatty acids,
0%
trans fatty acids, zero trans fatty acids, are in line with the standard requirements. Therefore, when consumers buy packaged foods, if the ingredients included in the ingredients list, pay more attention to the nutritional content list on the label, you can choose foods that do not contain trans fatty acids or trans fatty acids. is trans fatty acids managed internationally? According to the Dietary Intake Levels of Chinese Residents of Trans Fatty Acids and Their Risk Assessment published by the National Food Safety Risk Assessment Center, Chinese the average daily trans fat consumption is
0.39
grams, equivalent to
0.16%
, significantly lower than in western developed countries and well below the Who Health Organization's recommended value (less than
1%
). overall, trans fatty acids pose a low overall health risk to our residents, but about
0.42%
of urban residents have an trans fat-to-energy ratio of more than
1%
. Most of these people are school students, mainly because they eat a large amount of fat than the average person eat more of all kinds of food, not just a trans fat problem. Too much energy, too much saturated fat intake should also be noted. the intake of trans fatty acids in China is not much higher than that of western developed countries? According to the Dietary Intake Levels of Chinese Residents of Trans Fatty Acids and Their Risk Assessment published by the National Food Safety Risk Assessment Center, Chinese the average daily trans fat consumption is
0.39
grams, equivalent to
0.16%
, significantly lower than in western developed countries and well below the Who Health Organization's recommended value (less than
1%
). overall, trans fatty acids pose a low overall health risk to our residents, but about
0.42%
of urban residents have an trans fat-to-energy ratio of more than
1%
. Most of these people are school students, mainly because they eat a large amount of fat than the average person eat more of all kinds of food, not just a trans fat problem. Too much energy, too much saturated fat intake should also be noted. should consumers pay attention to when controlling trans fatty acids? (1)
control the amount of vegetable oil used during cooking. (2) when
buy food, pay attention to the content of trans fatty acids on food labels, try to choose foods that do not contain trans fatty acids or trans fatty acids. (3) Do
not consume large amounts of animal fat to avoid trans fatty acids. (4)
avoid over-heated oil and repeated frying. should we pay attention to in addition to trans fatty acids? it is not desirable to overemphasized trans fatty acids, and the public should not ignore the adverse health effects of saturated fat and excessive energy intake while paying attention to trans fatty acids. High intake of saturated fat is an important cause of elevated cholesterol, triglycerides and LDL in the blood, which can increase the risk of atherosclerosis, coronary heart disease and hypercholesterolemia, which has become one of the important reasons for the high risk of chronic diseases in China. Diversification of food, balanced diet and moderate exercise are the basis for health. Please refer to the Dietary Guidelines for Chinese Residents (2011
) issued by
.