A 3D physical model of the genome in a single cell in mammals.

For the first time, scientists have created a physical model of the genome in a single cell in mammals, providing a unique three-dimensional view of how DNA "packs" itself into cells.
new technology, scientists were able to observe how cell chromosomes were designed to activate some cells or keep them inactive.
, published in Nature on The 13th, is currently conducted only on mouse cells, it could help us better understand how animals grow and how abnormal cellular function causes disease.
Ernest Laue, of the University of Cambridge in the UK, said: "Knowing where all the genes and control elements exist at a particular time will help us understand the molecular mechanisms that control and maintain gene expression.
" genome can be seen as a blueprint for life, but different parts of the blueprint are used at different times, and cellular structures are critical to how different parts are organized.
2m long DNA in human cells, and DNA is present in the nuclei of 0.005mm cells, and the "packing" of all DNA must be very precise.
study, scientists looked at embryonic stem cells in mice that can develop into cells of any kind.
they used Hi-C analysis to study high-resolution images of eight cell chromosomes, where genomic results can be calculated from the location of DNA.
Although the team captured only 1.2 to 4.1 percent of the DNA connections in the nucleus, they were able to use the high-resolution images to construct three-dimensional structures and determine which genes were activated or inactive.
technology has led scientists to understand the way the mammalian cell genome is constructed and how it affects the genome.
team produced two videos showing the three-dimensional structure.
in the first video (above), 20 separate chromosomes have different colors, and we can see how they are assembled together in cells.
in the second video (above), gene-activated chromosome regions are marked blue and yellow fragments identify inactive genes that interact with the structure of the nucleation.
Collins, a molecular scientist at the Wellcome Trust in the UK, said: "It's a very important step to visualize the genome in unprecedented detail with a 3D model, an achievement that has taken years of effort.
," Collins said, future studies could look at how genomes interact with each other and how DNA structures affect the switching of specific genes.
if the technique were applied to genomic abnormalities, such as cancer cells, we might be able to better understand what causes the disease, so we know how to develop new ways to correct it.
"