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    Home > Biochemistry News > Biotechnology News > A history of genetic testing.

    A history of genetic testing.

    • Last Update: 2020-08-07
    • Source: Internet
    • Author: User
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    From 1986, ABI company launched the first commercial gene sequencing equipment, gene sequencing technology has formed four generations of change, second-generation sequencing technology to make the cost of genetic detection greatly reduced, for genetic detection into the mass market to lay the groundwork.
    the current gene testing market from technology-led gradually give way to market-led, and then the market demand to force technological progress stage.
    the first generation of gene sequencing technology is mainly an advantage of up to 1000 base pairs, the accuracy can reach 99.999%. the disadvantage of
    is that the high cost and the low throughput seriously affect its real large-scale commercial application.
    second-generation large-scale parallel sequencing significantly reduces sequencing costs, but also greatly improves efficiency while maintaining high accuracy.
    second-generation sequencing is the mainstream of commercial sequencing.
    the third-generation, fourth-generation single-molecule real-time sequencing nanoporous sequencing and the core of the first two generations of sequencing is the error rate in avoiding PCR, however, the error rate is still very high, in terms of cost, accuracy, there is no obvious advantage.
    technology-led gradually give way to market-led industry blowouts in 2012-2014 mainly from the expansion of the market. the introduction of
    Internet model and the needs of individual users have expanded the scope of application of technology.
    : Policy benefits to promote industrial development and residents' health awareness enhancement In 2014, the Commission and the General Administration of Food and Drug Administration to strengthen the supervision of the gene sequencing industry, non-invasive production testing and tumor sequencing and other clinical-level gene sequencing products and services began to gradually move towards norms.
    2015, the development of the gene industry rose to the national strategy, gene testing technology was included in the "new health technology to benefit the people project."
    2016, the Ministry of Science and Technology issued the "Notice on the release of key national key research and development program precision medical research and other key special 2016 project declaration guidelines", "precision medical research" as one of the priority projects launched in 2016.
    2016 "genomics" is included in the "13th Five-Year Plan" outline, "Strategic Emerging Industry Development Action" proposed "accelerate the large-scale application of genomics and other biotechnology."
    II: To encourage the release of fertility policy, the increase of genetic testing demand In China is one of the countries with high incidence of birth defects, the total incidence of birth defects is about 5.6%, the risk of fetal multiple chromosomal syndrome diseases increases with the age of pregnant women.
    since the implementation of the "comprehensive two-child" policy, 4 million new births will be added each year than before, and the proportion of high-risk pregnant women in old age has increased significantly.
    genetic testing is safer and more efficient than traditional testing, greatly reducing the likely possibility of miscarriage.
    in addition to the detection of fetuses, the correct understanding of genetic gene carrying effectively avoid genetic risk, for this purpose of both parents-to-parent genetic testing needs will gradually increase.
    3: The incidence of cancer is rising year by year, the resulting cancer screening, precision treatment data show that the incidence of cancer in China is gradually rising, and the death rate of malignant tumors is high, since 2010, malignant tumors have exceeded cardiovascular disease, becoming the largest cause of death in the Chinese group.
    the complexcause of cancer, is generally considered to be the result of the combination of genes and the environment, with the deterioration of the environment, the cancer threat to mankind will become more serious;
    at this stage, genetic testing is considered to play a role in early cancer screening and cancer targeted treatment, and the direction of combining genetic technology with cancer treatment will become a breakthrough as research goes on.
    an important direction in the cancer problem.
    : Rapid growth in obese populations releases genetic testing to guide health management According to the World Health Organization, 39% of adults over the age of 18 were obese in 2014. there is a positive correlation between
    obesity and the country's developed levels; obesity in China has obvious geographical characteristics, with half of urban residents aged 25-59 obese, about 20 percent of children under 7 years of age obese, and obesity will become more prominent with economic development.
    obesity can lead to a number of health problems, exercise is undoubtedly beneficial to them, individuals in exercise and nutrition have innate personality characteristics, so health management is a personality engineering.
    Source: Wall Street Star.
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