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Chronic liver disease (CLD), including alcoholic liver disease (ALD), non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), viral hepatitis, cirrhosis and liver cancer, is a major global burden of diseas.
Cardiometabolic disease (CMD), including coronary heart disease (CHD), stroke, and diabetes, is a common comorbidity in CLD patient.
The association between CLD and CMD may be due to shared risk factors (eg, smoking, obesity, physical inactivity) and reflects underlying etiologies such as insulin resistance and inflammatio.
However, the impact of lifestyle factors on CLD to CMD progression, and even further to death, is unclear, nor is it clear whether this association pattern differs by CLD subtyp.
(1) Association of lifestyle factors with transition from no CLD to hepatic cardiometabolic comorbidity (LCC) and further to death
(2) Whether these associations differ by CLD subtyp.
The study population involved 486,828 Chinese Kadoorie Biobank (CKB) participants, aged 30-79 years, with no history of cardiovascular disease, diabetes, CLD, or cancer at baselin.
During a median follow-up of 11 years, 5046 participants developed FCLD, 519 developed LCC, and 157 patients subsequently die.
The hazard ratio (95% CI) for transition from baseline to FCLD was 30 (25-35) per 1-factor increase, the hazard ratio for FCLD to LCC was 21 (09-34), and the hazard ratio from baseline to death was 20 (17) -23), the hazard ratio for FCLD to death was 15 (09-22), and the hazard ratio for LCC to death was 17 (06-31.
In this prospective study of 500,000 Chinese adults, researchers found that four high-risk lifestyle factors play a key role in all disease transition stages, from health to FCLD, to LCC, to death, with varying degrees of associatio.
The present study is one of the first to investigate the association of lifestyle factors with CLD progression, with particular emphasis on cardiometabolic comorbiditie.
Original source:
Yuanjie Pang, et a.
