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Qiu Zilong Research Group, Researcher of the National Key Laboratory of Neuroscience of the Institute of Neuroscience of the Shanghai Institute of Life Sciences of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, and the team of Luo Qingming and Yu Hui of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, have made new progress in the study of the whole brain map of acetylcholine neurons.
the study, based on a fully automatic microimaging method, the Brain-wide Positioning System (BPS), at a single-cell level, analyzed the location distribution of choline neurons in the whole brain and the fine morphological structure and projection maps of the neurons of the pre-brain choline energy.
the results of the study, entitled "The whole brain map of acetylcholine-energy neurons and the pre-base brain choline-mediated projection group" were published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.
acetylcholine neurons are a group of important modulation neurons in the brain, distributed in the pre-base brain and brain stem and other brain regions.
choline neurons release acetylcholine through its extensive axon fiber projection, regulate the neural activity of the cortex, hippocampus, and sub-cortex, and participate in a variety of functions such as movement, sleep, and emotion and memory.
the functional abnormalities of choline neurons are related to various neurological diseases such as Alzheimer's disease, sleep and cognitive impairment, and the study of related mechanisms has become a hot issue in the field of medicine and neuroscience.
the number, distribution and morphological structure of choline neurons are the key factors in the study of the function of these neurons.
studies have shown that the number of choline neurons is associated with neurodegenerative diseases.
previous studies, only the main distribution of choline neurons can be obtained through traditional two-dimensional tissue slicing, and the number of neurons can be roughly estimated;
, there has long been a lack of accurate choline neurons with three-dimensional distribution maps for researchers to use.
choline energy neurons regulate the cortex and sub-layer sorority through their wide range of long-range axial bursts, however, how they regulate many nuclear groups is still unknown.
Although researchers have come up with a number of connection models and hypotheses to describe choline neuroloops, these models are unable to accurately describe the pattern of connections between choline neurons and other brain regions and neurons due to the lack of single-neuron-resolution neuronal morphological data.
In order to obtain the distribution map and fine morphological information of the whole brain choline neurons, the research team, in collaboration with Professor Zeng Hongkui of the Allen Institute of Brain Sciences of the United States, obtained the world's first complete set of three-dimensional whole-brain distribution map of choline neurons using the BPS whole brain fine imaging system, combined with mouse models and viral marker techniques for fluorescent protein-specific markercholine energy neurons.
the three-dimensional whole-brain distribution map of choline neurons contains a variety of information, such as the number of choline neurons in mice in each brain region, cell size and cell density, and can provide anatomical reference for the study of the function of choline neurons.
on this basis, the study also successfully reconstructed the complete morphology of 50 choline energy neurons in the pre-brain of the mouse substrate, classified neurons based on genetic markers, connecting groups and morphological parameters, and by analyzing the projection brain regions of these neurons, a new model of a single choline energy neurons regulating the downstream brain region, i.e. the axon branches of a single choline neuron tend to be projected to the downstream brain regions with connections, and adjacent choline neurons are likely to be subject to completely different regulatory loops.
the whole brain map of acetylcholine-enabled neurons.
A. whole-brain positioning system; B. acetylcholine neurons three-dimensional distribution; C. acetylcholine neurons are quantitatively counted in 21 brain regions of the main distribution of neurons; D.50 pre-base cerebral acetylcholine neurons are complete morphology; E. choline energy neuronclassification based on neuron projection connections; F. Different projection-related patterns of adjacent choline neurons can provide new references to the understanding of choline neurons.
the research has been supported by the National Special Project for the Development of Major Scientific Instruments and Equipment, the National Natural Science Foundation of China, the Innovation Group of the National Natural Science Foundation of China, and the Director Of the Wuhan Optoelectronics National Laboratory.
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