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[Preparation method] In addition to polyacrylonitrile (PAN), phenolic resin, cellulose-based, polyvinyl alcohol and pitch-based, the synthetic raw materials of ACF are more common, as well as other raw materials such as polyvinylidene chloride and polyimide.
Different raw materials, ACF synthesis process and product structure are obviously different
The pretreatment mainly includes salt impregnation and pre-oxidation
Carbonization is a process of heating in a nitrogen atmosphere (200-400°C) to remove volatile non-carbon components in the fiber and rearrange the residual carbon to form graphite-like crystallites
The activation reaction is the main process for the ACF to generate abundant micropores, high specific surface area, and form oxygen-containing functional groups
The activated gas of the gas activation method mainly uses water vapor, air, carbon dioxide or combustion gas as the oxidizing medium, so that the amorphous carbon in the carbon material is partially oxidized and etched to form pores
The chemical reaction process of the steam activation method is more complicated.
Actually contains many intermediate reactions:
The chemical reagent activation method first soaks the carbon material with chemical reagents.
The activation process of the KOH activation method is to first soak the carbon fiber in the KOH aqueous solution for a certain period of time, remove it and dry it, put it in an activation furnace and heat up under the protection of nitrogen, and chemically react with the carbon material, so that part of the carbon material is The small molecules escape and gradually form micropores.
Taking into account the high temperature decomposition of KOH and the reducibility of carbon, combined with the research results of alkali metal salts as steam activation catalysts, it is deduced that the following reactions are in the activation reaction:
These reactions are mostly endothermic reactions, and increasing the activation temperature is conducive to the progress of endothermic reactions
The surface chemical structure and pore structure of activated carbon fiber are important factors that affect its adsorption capacity.
