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    Home > Food News > Food Articles > Also the North Canal is full of life

    Also the North Canal is full of life

    • Last Update: 2021-01-12
    • Source: Internet
    • Author: User
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    As one of the sixteen major scientific and technological projects identified during the 11th Five-Year Plan period, the major scientific and technological projects for water pollution control and control (the "water special") aim to provide strong scientific and technological support for the control and control of water pollution in China.
    Wei Yuanxuan led the "North Canal upstream water environmental management and water ecological restoration comprehensive demonstration" project (hereinafter referred to as the "North Canal Project"), is the "water special" 13th Five-Year Plan period in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region to carry out comprehensive control key demonstration projects, under 4 topics, by the Ecological Center, Beijing Water Science and Technology Research Institute, Beijing Capital Co., Ltd. and other 16 units, organized more than 300 researchers to participate in the project research.
    , the Ecological Center is responsible for the Shahe reservoir project, the Beijing Academy of Water Sciences is responsible for ecological clean small basins and rural sewage treatment 2 topics, Beijing pioneered the future water plant project. The improvement of the water environment in Beijing's Shahe Reservoir is one of the important achievements of the project.
    " through the team's preliminary investigation in the spring of 2020, a total of 26 species of water birds were recorded in the Shahe reservoir, belonging to the 6th and 7th sections, including the IUCN Red List of Endangered Species (IUCN), two species of vulnerable species, namely, the hongyu and the gulls. Wei Yuanxuan said that with the implementation of the project, the water ecological environment of the Shahe Reservoir has been greatly improved, making the Shahe Reservoir an important habitat suitable for water birds breeding and an important gathering place for birdwatchers in Beijing.reservoir has been treated and become a bird's paradise. (Wei Yuan sent to the map)"there are rivers are dirty, there is water are smelly", once china's water pollution situation is a true picture. The severe water pollution situation has seriously affected people's production and life and physical and mental health.
    in order to meet the needs of sustainable development and promote scientific and technological support to declare war on water pollution, China has put forward the "water special", which is one of the sixteen major scientific and technological special projects identified by the country during the 11th Five-Year Plan period. The Chinese Academy of Sciences and its affiliated ecological centers, South Lake Institute and other units, is the "water special" an important commitment force.
    as the largest investment in water pollution control science and technology projects since the founding of New China, "water special" carefully designed, step by step, in three stages of organizational implementation. The first phase of the goal mainly breaks through the water body "control source emission reduction" key technology, the second stage goal mainly breaks through the water body "reduces the burden repair" key technology, the third stage goal mainly breaks through the basin water environment "integrated control" set of key technologies.
    In accordance with the Outline of the National Medium- and Long-Term Science and Technology Development Plan (2006-2020), and in accordance with the guidelines on environmental science and technology of "independent innovation, focusing on leapfrogging, supporting development and leading the future", the "Water Special Project" starts from theoretical innovation, institutional innovation, mechanism innovation and integrated innovation, based on the solution and breakthrough of key scientific and technological problems in China's water pollution control and control, follows the principle of focusing on solving major contradictions, and selects typical watersheds to carry out comprehensive demonstration of water pollution control and water environmental protection.
    project, which is an important part of the implementation of the third phase of the "water project".
    North Canal originated in Changping, Beijing, Haidian area of the military capital of the southern foothills, flowing south through Tongzhou, through hebei Xianghe, Tianjin Wuqing after the sinking into the Haihe River, is a natural link linking the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region.
    River Basin is the most concentrated population, the most concentrated industries and the highest level of urbanization in Beijing. Wei Yuanxuan introduced that upstream is its only clean water source, there are ecosystem degradation, threats to water quality and safety of pollution sources have not been effectively controlled, water shortage pressure, river environmental problems, urban and rural sewage treatment work development is extremely unbalanced and other issues.
    this end, the North Canal project focuses on its upstream demonstration area, follows the principle of comprehensive regional management, and aims at "improving the quality of water environment, optimizing the allocation of water resources and improving water ecological function".The
    project mainly promotes the comprehensive management of water ecological environment in the Beiyun River Basin through the study of the migration and conversion coupling relationship between river basin production and currents and different pollution sources, and provides scientific and technological support for the comprehensive management of water ecological environment in the North Canal basin through integrated innovation and fine management and demonstration of multi-source pollution prevention and control, ecological clean small watershed construction, unconventional water supply slow water body ecological restoration, and future-oriented sewage treatment technology. Wei Yuanxuan said.the river ditches became clear and green after ecological restoration.the town of Su Jiaxuan and the town of Hot Springs in Haidian District of Beijing, the planning is orderly and the environment is beautiful, and there is no sight of the siltation and vegetation destruction of the ditches in the early years.
    here, is the North Canal project "Haidian District ecological clean small basin demonstration area" location. The improvement of the ecological environment of Su jiaxuan town and hot spring town is largely due to the construction of ecological clean small basin implemented by the project team. The demonstration of ecological clean small basins is led by the Beijing Institute of Water Science and Technology and implemented in Haidian and Changping districts respectively.
    Wei yuan, in the upper reaches of the North Canal basin, the shallow mountain area with an elevation of 2300 meters has a large distribution area, accounting for nearly 30% of the mountain area. The shallow mountain area, together with the pre-mountain plain, is the most densely populated and concentrated area in the suburbs of Beijing, and it is also the relatively concentrated area of the urban-rural integration department, which has the characteristics of complex population composition, serious pollution of agricultural and rural sources and fragile ecological environment.
    analysis and research, the project team put forward a technical system for the prevention and control of pollution from agricultural rural sources suitable for the ministry of urban-rural integration in shallow mountainous areas. Wei Yuanxuan said.
    For example, for agricultural cultivation and breeding and rural garbage and other major sources of pollution, the project team built the planting surface source pollution "control-storage-net" prevention and control technology, livestock and poultry breeding "five" pollution prevention and control technology and rural waste resource utilization technology, such as 3 key technologies, to achieve classification control, comprehensive prevention and control purposes.
    In view of the large distribution area of shallow mountain orchards and the high risk of surface pollution, the project team carried out a pilot and management demonstration study on 550 mu of typical farmland orchards in the near water system, and put forward the implementation plan of "controlling source" fertilizer source reduction technology, "water storage and fertilizer" agricultural farming optimization technology, and "purifying" farmland drainage ditch purification technology.
    basin is the basic unit of integrated management of the North Transport River basin. Wei Yuan sent the introduction, in the implementation of the project, with the small basin as the unit, put forward the "sealing, fine, near-natural, participatory, strict supervision" of the landscape forest field lake grass system repair technology model, and the small basin monitoring and evaluation control and public participation throughout the small basin comprehensive management of all links.
    In order to land the technical model and key technical achievements of the restoration of the small basin's mountain and water forest and lake grass system, the project team also carried out a total area of 219 square kilometers of ecological clean small basin construction in the upper reaches of the North Canal, namely, the source of the Nansha River Basin in Haidian District and the source of the Beinsha River Basin in Changping District.
    In the demonstration area of ecological clean small basin in Haidian District, the project team has constructed three lines of defense, such as "ecological restoration area of farmland green space, ecological management area of human settlement industry, ecological protected area of river channel ditch", in view of the problems of diverse pollution sources and serious ecological degradation, and realized the management of river basin system through three major projects, such as surface pollution prevention and control, rainwater runoff control and ecological restoration of river channels.
    In Changping District, the ecological clean small basin demonstration area, the original soil erosion, mountain disasters, agriculture and village and town source pollution and ditch water pollution and other issues prominent, the project team adopted soil and water conservation, vegetation restoration, village beautification, efficient use of water resources, water pollution prevention and control and ditch ecological restoration and other six categories of measures, the implementation of integrated management of mountain and forest land and grass.
    Wei Yuanxuan said that the demonstration of ecological clean small watershed construction provides a good reference for the management of small basins in Beijing. In the course of the research, the project team also formulated a beijing local standard" "Ecological clean small basin preliminary design and preparation specifications (DB11/T-1595-2018", the standard has been widely applied throughout Beijing.reservoir is an important node in the upper reaches of the North Canal and an important gathering place for multi-source pollution. With the rapid development of social economy, the shahe reservoir in the past showed water ecological degradation, water pollution situation is serious, aquatic habitat has been seriously affected, water birds are scarce. The comprehensive management of Shahe reservoir is very important for the improvement of water quality and the restoration of water ecology downstream.
    Wei yuan said that the combined flow pipe network overflow has become a prominent instantaneous pollution source of urban water environment, the impact on the water environment and hydro-friendly space is greater. To this end, in view of the innumerable current situation and control needs of the overflow pollution base of the combined flow pipe network around the Shahe reservoir, the project team spent two years, through on-site research and online monitoring, revealed the response relationship between rainfall characteristics and overflow pollution, and clarified the combined flow control pipe around the Shahe reservoir. The spatial and ion distribution characteristics of network overflow pollution, the key technology and best management practice of "intercepting and saving cleansing integration" for the prevention and control of overflow pollution in the combined flow pipe network are developed, and it is applied to the water environment quality improvement of Shahe reservoir in cooperation with Changping District Water Bureau. The technology won the second prize of the Science and Technology Award of Beijing Water Conservancy Society.
    with the implementation of the North Canal project, the water environment of the Shahe Reservoir has been greatly improved, making the Shahe Reservoir an important habitat suitable for the breeding of water birds.
    Wei Yuanxuan introduced, until May 2018, the Shahe reservoir year-on-year water level of 35.6 meters, the reservoir area water depth of 3 to 10 meters, Nansha River and Beisha River channel water level of 2 to 3 meters per year, is not conducive to the habitat of water birds, suitable for water birds habitat area is also small.
    , May 8, 2018, Mayor Chen Jining investigated the management of the Water System of the North Canal and proposed to reduce river water levels, promote the growth of aquatic plants, and naturally purify river water quality.
    Wei Yuan sent introduction, relatively speaking, within 0.5 meters of deep water shore space is most suitable for all kinds of wetland biological growth, but also to attract waterfowl to forage, with a variety of habitat space;
    project team based on numerical simulation results, the relationship between water level and water depth interval area is derived. When the reservoir water level reaches 35.6 meters, although the depth area of 0.5-1.5 meters reaches the maximum area, but the area of 0-0.5 meters of water depth is small, it is difficult to provide sufficient space for shore creatures. Overall, when the water level is in the 34.1-35.0 m range, the spatial distribution of shallow water is balanced, and habitat space is the most complex and diverse.
    Refore, Wei Yuanxuan and the project team suggested that the water level of the Shahe reservoir should be dynamically regulated on the basis of low water level operation, based on different requirements for water depth in different seasons of water bird habitat and habitat diversity. For example, spring water plants and phytoseric plants have a high demand for water, it is recommended to raise the reservoir water level appropriately to meet the growth of water and sublimation plants, increase habitat diversity and water bird food supply;
    with the great improvement of the water environment of the Shahe reservoir, the diversity of water birds in the reservoir is increasing. In recent years, with the implementation of beijing's three "three-year action plan for sewage treatment and recycled water utilization", under the technical support of the results of the North Canal project, Changping District Water Bureau has increased the treatment of pollution sources, the rate of sewage treatment has been greatly increased, the overflow pollution of the combined flow pipe network has been effectively controlled, the management of agricultural surface sources has been effectively promoted, the construction area of clean small basins has been greatly improved, and the water ecological environment of the Shahe Reservoir has improved significantly, laying a solid foundation for the future construction of water bird habitat.
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