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, many people choose to replace sucrose and glucose with artificial sweeteners, whether to control calorie intake or worry about raising blood sugar. But the results of this study may allow people to reassess the effects of artificial sweeteners on the human body.calorie-free artificial sweeteners are widely used in foods and beverages to replace natural sweeteners such as sucrose, glucose and fructose, such as sugar-free sodas and sugar-free pastries. These artificial sweeteners, while giving food a sweet taste, are considered suitable for people who need to lose weight or suffer from glucose insulation and type
2
diabetes because they do not participate in the body's metabolic processes and do not produce calories. However, the findings of studies on the effects of artificial sweeteners on humans are not consistent: some studies have shown a link between artificial sweeteners and weight gain.recent study, commonly used artificial sweeteners can cause glucose insatiability, increasing the risk of elevated blood sugar. Artificial sweeteners appear to affect the composition and function of gut microbes, regulating the energy metabolism of mice, and researchers have observed a similar phenomenon in humans. The research paper was published in Nature. For this study, Fruit Shell.com interviewed Ilan Eriena of the Weizmann Institute of Science in Israel, the author of the paper's newsletter.Normal people eat staple foods or take glucose, almost all of the intestinal absorption, so that blood sugar rises, this time the body will produce a series of reactions to keep blood sugar within a certain range after meals, indicating that normal people have a strong tolerance to glucose. But if insulin is not secreted enough, people lose the ability to self-stabilize their blood sugar, develop glucose insatiability, or develop type
2
diabetes.researchers tested three artificial sweeteners -- saccharin, sucralose and asparticose. These three artificial sweeteners are widely used in many foods, says Mr Eriena. In the experiment, the researchers first added glucose, sucrose and artificial sweeteners to the mice's drinking water. It was
weeks later, mice with artificial sweeteners added to the water showed significant glucose insatiability compared to mice that drank only water or had only glucose or sucrose in the water. The reaction was most pronounced in mice that added saccharin to the water, so in subsequent mouse experiments, the researchers used saccharin as a typical artificial sweetener.Next, by transplanting microbes from the feces of mice that ate saccharin into the intestines of sterile mice, the researchers found that the mice's glucose tolerance decreased compared to control group
. Subsequently, using
16S
RNA
sequencing and in-body culture, the researchers confirmed that saccharine can alter the composition and function of microorganisms in the intestines of mice, such as an increase in the number of mycobacterium bacteria
(
from
70%
to
89%)
The number of hardwall bacteria decreased by
(
from
22%
to
6%)
, which in turn led to an increase in polysaccharide degradation in the intestines, resulting in an increase in short-chain fatty acids in the feces.In a cohort study that included
381,
non-diabetic subjects, the researchers found a positive correlation between the amount of artificial sweeteners consumed and some clinical indicators associated with metabolic syndrome, including weight, increased waist-to-hip ratio, and elevated fasting blood sugar. In another short-term experiment, the researchers asked
,
healthy people who normally do not consume artificial sweeteners or foods containing artificial sweeteners to eat saccharin for a week in accordance with the U.S. Food and Drug Administration's daily maximum allowable intake of saccharin
(5mg/kg)
. It was found that their glucose tolerance was also affected.What implications the findings will have for the public, Eriena told us, "We hope that the results will lead to discussion in the scientific, medical, and public discussions about the possible harmful effects of artificial sweeteners and will reassess the large-scale, unsealed use of artificial sweeteners." ”