Autumn daffodils (colchicine)
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Last Update: 2021-03-10
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Source: Internet
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Author: User
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is an alkaloid. It is named after it was originally extracted from
lily plant
( The Colchicum autumnale ) . Molecular
C
22
H
25
O
6
N
. Pure autumn daffodils are crystallization of yellow needles with a melting point of
of 157
degrees C. Soluble in water, ethanol and chloroform. Bitter and poisonous. Autumn daffodils can inhibit silky division, destroy spindle bodies, and make chromosomes stagnate in the middle of division. This abnormal division caused by acetone is known as acension (
C-mitosis
). In such silky division, chromosomes, although cracked, but cells do not divide, can not form two child cells, so that chromosomes double. Since
, when American scholar
A.F. Blakeslee
and others succeeded in double the chromosome count of plants such as mandala with acetone, it has been widely used in cytology, genetics research and plant breeding. For example, wheat and rye hybridization, hybrids are infertile, with autumn daffodil treatment, so that chromosomes double, can become a breedable heterogeneous octogeneric rye, planted in the high cold areas of Yungui, yield and quality are better than wheat and rye.
1950s, Japan used
akiy daffodils to treat general beets, which were grown with the double species and harvested triple seeds from the four-fold plant. Promote the cultivation of triple beet, has obtained great economic benefits.
1951
, Japanese scholar Meda, used the same method to cultivate successful triple-body seedless watermelon, Aki daffodils also played an important role.
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