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    Home > Medical News > Medical World News > Awarded 29 times in the field of infectious diseases: The history of the Rask Prize tells us how to deal with the new crown.

    Awarded 29 times in the field of infectious diseases: The history of the Rask Prize tells us how to deal with the new crown.

    • Last Update: 2020-10-30
    • Source: Internet
    • Author: User
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    Human history is also a history of infectious diseases.
    , the Black Death, the Pandemic of the Spanish Pandemic, and the new coronavirus, which is spreading, have shown us the horrors of infectious diseases.
    modern medicine has never stopped fighting these diseases.
    the 2020 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, another "holy grail" in medicine, the Rask Prize, was recently suspended due to a new crown pandemic.
    But in history, the Rask Prize has been awarded as many as 29 times to major advances in infectious diseases (the full list is at the end of the article), including this year's winners Harvey J. Alter, Michael Houghton and Charles M. Rice.
    recently, the Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA) also published a special article, noting that "reflecting and praising the History of Infectious Diseases Refracted by the Rask Prize is a way to fill the void".
    , let's look back at the giants of infectious diseases in the history of the star-studded Rask Prize and the important breakthroughs they brought.
    : JAMA First Rask Prize: Syphilis 1946, the first Rask Prize in history, with the name of infectious disease scientist John F. Mahoney on the list.
    , an expert on sexually transmitted diseases at the U.S. Naval Hospital, noted a 1943 study published in JAMA that penicillin could treat gonorrhea.
    inspired by this, John F. Mahoney quickly applied penicillin to the treatment of syphilis, and in the same year published the latest findings: penicillin intramuscular injection can effectively and quickly treat syphilis.
    , long-acting penicillin intramuscular injections remain the "gold standard" for the treatment of tens of millions of syphilis patients 44 days a year.
    , John F. Mahoney won the first Rask Prize in history for his discovery.
    this important award in medicine in the future, but also with infectious diseases have formed an inexplicable relationship.
    year after the flu, American scholar Thomas Francis Jr. was featured on the Rask Prize podium for his work on the flu.
    flu, which infects hundreds of millions of people each year, causes 3-5 million serious cases and 290,000 to 650,000 deaths each year.
    without the flu vaccine, these numbers could multiply.
    photo Source: Journal of Theament Medicine Thomas Francis Francis Jr. led the discovery of influenza B virus, and in 1936 reported on JEM that antibodies produced by patients after contracting the flu were effective in preventing re-infection.
    the discovery directly contributed to the birth of the flu vaccine.
    Though we are not yet in a state of complete control over influenza transmission, we believe this unfinished business of Thomas Francis Jr. is one step closer to its goal as vaccine development and technology are further refined.
    Four wins: In the history of the Rask Prize, it is not uncommon for research on the same disease to win multiple awards, but no disease has ever been as "favored" by the Rask Prize as polio.
    Photo Source: Science In 1949, John Franklin Enders, Thomas Huckle Weller and Frederick Chapman Robbins of Harvard Medical School reported in Science that they had successfully developed in-body culture of the polio virus in human tissue, laying an important "raw material" foundation for polio eradication.
    , John Franklin Enders won the Rask Prize, the same year the three authors of the paper shared the 1954 Nobel Prize in Medicine.
    a year after Enders won the award.
    Salk, a student at Thomas Francis Jr., the father of the flu vaccine, developed the first polio vaccine in human history and dropped the patent for the polio vaccine.
    his vaccine and selflessness also earned him the Rask Prize in 1956.
    the spread of the Salk vaccine has led to an 86% drop in polio incidence in the United States in three years, and the American Foundation for Malformation has been a big part of the effort.
    ,000 people, was awarded the Rask Health Services Award in 1958 for his outstanding contribution to the promotion of the polio vaccine.
    same time, Albert B. Sabin developed the world's first oral polio vaccine, which quickly became a mainstream vaccine type because of its convenience.
    Sabin also won the 1965 Rask Prize.
    hepatitis in the history of the Rask Prize, in the number of awards can be higher than polio, there is another area, that is, viral hepatitis.
    hepatitis kills 1.4 million people worldwide each year, of which hepatitis B accounts for 800,000 and hepatitis C for 400,000.
    Krugman, who has made outstanding contributions to the identification of transmission routes for hepatitis A and B, won the 1983 Rasque Public Service Award with Maurice Hilleman, the inventor of the vaccine and the hepatitis B vaccine.
    this year's winners Harvey J. Alter and Michael Houghton were awarded the 2000 Rasque Clinical Medicine Award for the discovery and diagnosis of the hepatitis C virus.
    M. Rice, another 2020 Nobel Laureate, shared the 2016 Lasker Clinical Medicine Award with Raff F. W. Bartenschlager and Michael J. Sofia, the world's first inventor of a cure for hepatitis C.
    like polio, the Rask Prize bears witness to the history of the human fight against viral hepatitis.
    peptic ulcer, when it comes to the Rask Prize and the Nobel Prize double, has to bring up another infectious disease, Barry J. Marshall.
    estimates that more than half of China's population is infected with Helicobacterrobacteria.
    we now know that the bacteria can cause peptic ulcers and stomach cancer, but by the end of the twentieth century, the relationship between bacteria and digestive diseases was not known.
    it was Barry J. Marshall, who had been questioned at the time, who drank the helicobacterus, that confirmed that it was peptic ulcers.
    J. Marshall also won the 1995 Rask Prize for Clinical Medicine for the feat, and 10 years later, he shared the 2005 Nobel Prize in Medicine with his partners.
    HIV and AIDS in 1983, Luc Montagnier of the Pasteur Institute in France isolated a retrovirus from AIDS patients.
    1984, Robert Gallo, an American scholar, published four papers on Science, reporting that they had isolated a completely new virus in people living with AIDS and confirming that it could cause AIDS.
    their findings also helped the two men win the Rask Prize for Clinical Medicine in 1986.
    notable for the fact that in the same year, Mahid, a Lebanese-Lebanese doctor of Chinese origin, was awarded the Rask Public Medical Award for his contribution to the prevention and control of sexually transmitted diseases in China.
    2007, Andthony Fauci, the chief infectious disease specialist in the United States who held a key position in the prevention and control of the new crown epidemic, also received the Rask Public Medical Award for promoting the President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief.
    program aims to provide assistance to countries affected by AIDS around the world, playing a key role in global AIDS prevention and control.
    the number of new HIV infections worldwide has been declining for many years due to the discovery of HIV and the corresponding prevention and control measures.
    of basic scientific research has also promoted the development of breakthrough therapies, greatly improving the life expectancy and quality of life of AIDS patients.
    HPV and the human papillomavirus (HPV) cause 99.7% of cervical cancer worldwide, which kills hundreds of thousands of people worldwide each year.
    the end of the 20th century, American scholars Douglas R. Lowy and John T. Schiller led the development of the HPV vaccine, and the discovery gave birth to the now familiar HPV vaccines Gardasil and Cervarix.
    also won the Rask Clinical Medicine Award in 2017.
    January 2020, the Lancet published two back-to-back papers reporting that with the spread of hpV vaccine and cervical cancer screening, there is hope that the incidence and death of cervical cancer will be reduced by 99% within 100 years.
    's revelations about the new crown, although we don't have an effective vaccine or treatment for most infectious diseases.
    in the 74-year history of the Rask Prize, we can see that mankind has made great achievements in its war against infectious diseases.
    , whether it is the total eradication of petty bloom or the ongoing battle against cervical cancer and hepatitis, suggests that human responses to infectious diseases are increasing.
    Rask Prize winners in the field of infectious diseases (source: References; Translation: New Perspectives of Medicine) Although this year's Rask Prize has been suspended due to the outbreak, her glorious history tells us how to deal with the new crown.
    , whether it's an in-depth understanding of the underlying pathosis or the development of treatments and vaccines, is crucial in this new global crown war.
    those who have made outstanding contributions to the fight against the new crown, there is also hope to stand on the podium of the future of the Rask Prize.
    References, J.L., The 2020 Lasker Awards and the COVID-19 Pandemic. JAMA, 2020. Parascandola, J., John Mahoney and The Introduction of Penicillin to Treat Syphilis. Pharmacy in History, 2001. 43 (1): p. 3-13. Francis, T. and T.P. Magill, THERRS OF NEUTRALIZING ANTIBODIES FOR HUMAN VIRUS INFLUENZA IN SERUM OF INDIVIDUALS DIFFERENT OF AGES. The Journal of the agency, 1936. 63 (5): p. 655-668. Shi, R., et al., Widece and risk factors for Helicobacter pylori in Chinese population. Helicobacter, 2008. 13 (2): p. 157-65. Brisson, M., et al., Impact of HPV ingest and cervical screening on cervical cancer out: a comparative modelling analysis in 78 low-income and middle-middle-income countries. The Lancet, 2020. 395 (10224): p. 575-590. Canfell, K., et al., Mortality impact of achieving WHO cervical cancer cancer complete targets: a comparative modelling analysis in 78 low-income and lower-middle-income countries. The Lancet, 2020. 395 (10224): p. 591-603.
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