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The adsorption method is a method in which one or more substances in the sewage are adsorbed on the solid surface and removed by using porous solid substances
.
The porous solid material with adsorption capacity is called adsorbent, and the adsorbed material in sewage is called adsorbate
Basic characteristics of adsorbent
The adsorbent is the basis for the realization of the fluid adsorption and separation process.
Choosing the appropriate adsorbent is the primary problem that must be solved in the adsorption operation
.
In general, the adsorbent must have the following characteristics
① The adsorption of fluids with large specific surface area on solid particles is mostly physical adsorption.
Because this adsorption usually only occurs in the thickness area of a few molecular diameters on the solid surface, the amount of fluid adsorbed per unit area of the solid surface is very small, so adsorption is required The agent must have a large enough specific surface area to make up for this deficiency
.
The effective surface area of the adsorbent includes the outer surface area and the inner surface area of the particles, and the inner surface area is always much larger than the outer surface area.
②Have good selectivity.
In the adsorption process, the adsorbent is required to have a large adsorption capacity for the adsorbate, but a small adsorption capacity for other components in the mixture
.
③Large adsorption capacity The adsorption capacity refers to the maximum adsorption capacity per unit mass (or unit volume) of the adsorbent at a certain temperature and adsorbate concentration
.
The adsorption capacity is not only related to the surface area of the adsorbent, but also related to the pore size, pore size distribution, molecular polarity and the nature of the functional groups on the adsorbent molecule
④The shape of the adsorbent with good mechanical strength and uniform particle size is usually spherical and short cylindrical, and there are also other forms, such as amorphous particles, whose particle size is usually between 40 mesh and 15 mm.
It is used in fixed beds in industry.
The diameter of the adsorbed particles is generally 1-10mm
.
At the same time, the adsorbent works under the change of operating conditions such as temperature, humidity, pressure, etc.
⑤Have good thermal stability and chemical stability
⑥ The adsorbent with good regeneration performance needs to be regenerated after adsorption.
In addition, a wide range of adsorbent sources and low prices are also required
Related link: Amphoteric polymer flocculant CGAAC
