Behavioural Brain Research: Independent component analysis of changes in cognitive function networks during remission in patients with severe depression

Dysfunctional connectivity of resting state functional networks was observed in patients with depression, especially in cognitive function networks including central execution networks (CENs), default mode networks (DMNs), and prominent networks (SNs).
neuropsychology study, patients with remission MDD have cognitive dysfunction (processing speed and executive function).
cognitive dysfunction has been a key factor in predicting functional recovery after treatment with selective 5-serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) in MDD patients.
effects of antidepressants (ADM) on MDD are still not fully recognized and treated.
connection patterns within and across the three core networks have been confirmed in patients with MDD who are taking the drug for the first time.
treatment with SSRI, full recovery is possible, especially in terms of cognitive function, but incomplete recovery is common.
, however, the results were not consistent from the study of changes in abnormal functional connectivity (FC) after antidepressant therapy.
Therefore, this study aims to explore the potential mechanisms for changes in cognitive function networks in patients with remission-type severe depressive disorder (rMDD) and healthy control (HCs) resting states, and to further explore the relationship between the functional disorder connectivity patterns of rMDD and clinical symptoms.
study, 19 HCs and 19 rMDD patients under received a resusctic functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) scan.
image of the resting state function is captured horizontally using the gradient recall echo plane imaging (GRE-EPI) pulse sequence, as follows: Repeat time (TR)/echo time (TE) s 3000 ms/40 ms The slice thickness is 4.00 mm, the matrix size is 64×64, the flip angle is 90 degrees, and the field of view (FOV) is 240 mm×240 mm.
scans for each subject lasted 5.06 minutes.
subjects were provided with T1-weighted magnetization to prepare gradient echo (MPRAGE) images for spatial normalization and positioning.
FC is evaluated using independent component analysis of CEN, DMN and SN.
two sample t-tests were conducted to compare the differences between rMDD and HCs.
, Pearson-related analyses were conducted to examine the relationship between network connectivity and cognitive function scores and clinical symptoms.
compared to the healthy control group, patients with remission had lower C PEN connectivity, mainly in the forehead back (SFG), forehead back (MFG), upper leaf lower leaf (IPL), and partial edge back (SMG).
contrast, rMDD patients with two-sided island leaves, part of SMG (key node of CEN) and DMN's back-side front buckle-back corties (dACC) showed higher connectivity.
Pearson correlation results showed that connectivity on the right side of CEN was positively related to cognitive function scores, while connectivity on the left island leaves was negatively related to BDI scores.
Although in previous studies, the continuous decrease in connectivity of key nodes in the frontal foemples of some of the DLPFC and IPL in CE and SN suggested that the cognitive control of MDD patients was lower than that of HCs, in this study this may be a predictor of residual cognitive symptoms and risk of recurrence.
high activity of ACC (including dACC) located deep in the outer layer of the CEN frontal leaf may play a key role in the recovery of cognitive function.
study highlights the possibility of key cognitive control and recovery mechanisms in the forehead and top of the brain.
patients with rMDD meet the standard of clinical remission, their cognitive function network still has unique functional impairment.
abnormal FCs between cognitive function networks responsible for executive control were observed in rMDD, a phenomenon that may be associated with clinical symptoms.
Liu, G., et al., The alteration of cognitive function networks in remitted patients with major depressive disorder: an independent component analysis. Behavioural Brain Research, 2021. 400: p. 113018. MedSci Original Source: MedSci Original Copyright Notice: All text, images and audio and video materials on this website that indicate "Source: Met Medical" or "Source: MedSci Original" are owned by Mets Medical and are not authorized to reproduce by any media, website or individual, and are authorized to be reproduced with the words "Source: Met Medical".
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