Betel Nut (arecanut)

is a species of palm betel nut genus, the name Areca catechu L. Alias Yu Yu, Binmen. Evergreen trees, often used for medicinal use. Seeds contain a variety of alkaloids, the active ingredients are oily betel nut base (Arecoline, D8H13O2N), the content of about 0.1-0.5%, has insect repellent, accumulation, gas, diuretic and other effects, the main treatment of hysteria, bloating pain, abdominal water, dysentery, aphids, aphids, schistosomiasis and so on. Residents of Southeast Asia, Africa and the Pacific like to chew with betel nut instead of tobacco leaves. A few people in Yunnan and Hainan provinces in China also have chewing habits. Originally from Malaysia, the world planted more than 250,000 hectares between 1980 and 1981, with an annual output of 227,000 tons. China has a long history of cultivation, the main production area is the southeast and central Hainan Province. In 1983, the cultivated area was more than 1800 hectares, the harvest area was 360ha, and the total output was 1180t.plant is 10-20m high. Dry straight, no branches. Feather-shaped compound leaves are found in the dry top, 1.2m long, with a tri-shaped total leaf handle, with long leaves. Monosexual flowers, male and female, small flower white, flowering from March to May. Nuts are oval or round, orange or red, and mature from February to June of the following year. Hi high temperature humid ocean climate, should be in the annual average temperature of 23-26 degrees C, annual rainfall of more than 1500mm, relative humidity of more than 80%, good water preservation on the fertile sand loam planting. It can be cultivated in the mountains at an altitude of 900m. Inability to withstand low temperatures, 5 degrees C victims, 0 degrees C death. Young trees are happy shade, old trees are happy. Breed with seeds. Can be used nutrition bag nursery, planting distance of 33×33cm, cave species, each hole 1-2 grains, cover soil, cover grass, water, shade. After the leaves are expanded, fertilization can be carried out and weeding is carried out every 3 months there. The seedlings are 30-100cm tall and can be planted out of the nursery. It is advisable to choose deep soil layer, wet ravine valley, need shade trees, flat planting distance of 2×3m, slope and other high planting. After planting 2-3 years, each year in the cultivation, weeding, fertilization 2-3 times, into the results period, increase the use of potassium phosphate fertilizer.main diseases are fruit rot (1) Phytophthora arecae, for the harm of young fruit, sprayed with 1% Bordeaux liquid or filled with thin saline water. (2) Root rot Ganoderma lucidum, the early leaves of the disease wilt yellow off, stem atrophy, secretion of gel, root decay to death. The disease can be removed and burned, and the cavitation can be disinfected with lime. (3) Yellow leaf disease, caused by bacterial plasmology (MLO), disease-causing leaves yellow, rotting spots, root rot to death. Can be removed, burned strains, soil disinfection.main pests are: (1) red-veined spiked tyrathaha rufivena is seriously harmful to flower sequence and young fruit. Remove the victim flowers, burn, spray 0.1% of the enemy insects or malathion insecticides, (2) shellworms, for the harmful leaves, can be sprayed with 50% triphphosphate 3000 times liquid. After 7-8 years of flowering results, 2-3 harvests per year, 4-6 months for the ripening period, each plant annual production of dried fruit 5-10 kg, 20-30 years of age for the fruit period, economic life of more than 60 years. Products have jade, belly skin, dried, jade four kinds.