Biological engineering, etc. or shortlisted in the 13th five year plan to promote major engineering innovation plan

Source: economic reference report 2015-6-18 as China's economy enters the new normal, innovation as a lasting driving force for development will be highlighted in the 13th five year plan In view of the current uneven distribution of regions, industries and plates in China's innovation achievements, during the 13th Five Year Plan period, while emphasizing mass entrepreneurship and innovation, China will focus on exploring the potential of state-owned enterprises and universities, learning the advanced experience of other technological powers, and developing major engineering innovation plans From the perspective of early research, bioengineering, new materials, 5g network and other fields may enter the government support plan As the pulling effect of investment on China's economy continues to weaken, the significance of innovation for growth is gradually increasing Yang Weimin, deputy director of the office of the central leading group of Finance and economics, said that as long as you have money, you can make unlimited investment, and the era of investment and return has passed There is still room for investment, but it's not as good as it used to be In this case, to maintain a reasonable economic growth, we need to gradually turn the power to innovation and closely integrate investment and innovation According to the reporter, China's support for scientific research and innovation has been increasing, and fruitful scientific research results have been achieved In 2013, for the first time, China's R & D expenditure exceeded 2% of GDP, and the R & D expenditure of enterprises accounted for more than 70% of the total amount of the whole society By 2014, the number of domestic patent applications ranked first in the world for four consecutive years; the number of international patent applications was second only to the United States and Japan, with an annual growth rate of 18.7%, ranking first in the world However, such achievements are still not enough to promote economic growth rapidly It is necessary to put forward targeted measures against the current unbalanced development of innovation in China, so as to speed up the innovation work again According to the "13th five year plan" innovation driven strategic focus and the research group of innovative national construction, the imbalance is mainly manifested in three aspects First of all, the distribution area is unbalanced, and the results are mainly concentrated in coastal cities, especially Shenzhen, where the number of international patent applications in 2014 accounted for 47% of the national total Secondly, the distribution of industries is unbalanced, mainly in the fields of communication, biology, etc., and the innovation achievements in the fields of machining, agriculture, energy, etc are relatively insufficient Thirdly, the distribution plate is unbalanced, private enterprises have become the main force of innovation, and the potential of state-owned enterprises and universities has not been fully realized Zheng Xinli, consultant of the innovation promotion committee of China productivity society, told the economic reference: "at present, the power of innovation of state-owned enterprises is insufficient In the past, there was an excuse to say that there was no money, but now the annual profit of petroleum and petrochemical enterprises is up to 100 billion yuan The innovation of large state-owned enterprises in the field of automobile industry has no power, but private enterprises such as Chery and Geely have power Therefore, it is necessary to establish a new incentive mechanism to give full play to the innovation potential of state-owned enterprises At present, to maintain and increase the value of state-owned assets, we need to change the old concept of only looking at tangible assets and ignoring intangible assets, and include management and innovation in the assessment " In order to give full play to the innovation potential of state-owned enterprises, Zheng Xinli believes that we can learn from the experience of the United States, including the launch of major engineering innovation plans, the introduction of venture capital mechanisms, the attraction of talents from all over the world, and the creation of dual-use science and technology production enterprises, especially the first one He said that the U.S government will launch one or several major engineering innovation programs every few years, such as the Manhattan plan that year focused on the development of nuclear power technology, the Star Wars plan focused on the development of aerospace technology, and the information superhighway act is to develop information transmission networks In recent years, the United States has been committed to the development of shale gas and biomass energy, and put forward the slogan of re industrialization, which is also to promote innovation in key areas Chen Jinyi, a professor at the school of economics and management, Tsinghua University and another director of the research group on innovation driven strategic focus and innovative national construction, said that if Chinese enterprises want to develop the leading edge of technology, they must adopt the technology innovation mode with the goal of developing extreme technology, so as to successfully become the world's attacker and defender of technology innovation Technological economy and technological innovation have long-term research accumulation and advantages in China In order to commercialize, industrialize and capitalize scientific research achievements, finance plays a major role Of course, finance also plays a role When it comes to the major engineering innovation projects selected by the Chinese government during the 13th Five Year Plan period, Zheng Xinli believes that bioengineering, new materials, 5g network and other fields can be considered He said that as early as 1999, China joined the human genome project and undertook 1% of the tasks, becoming the only developing country participating in the research project At the beginning of the year, the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Huada gene and so on announced the rice functional genome breeding database Now through gene technology, it is expected that the annual output of dairy cows will be 8 tons, up to 12 tons, and the normal domestic output will be only 1 to 2 tons In addition, genetic diseases can be avoided by gene sequencing Therefore, the development of bioengineering in China has both foundation and prospect In terms of new materials, it is suggested to focus on carbon fiber, graphene and other projects that can reduce weight and improve strength In the field of chips, 5g network will be laid out ahead of time to build the most convenient WiFi network in the world, which will also help reduce the cost of Internet access However, Zheng Xinli also reminded that the promotion of these projects should be demand-oriented, so that enterprises can make decisions independently The main work of the government is to make policies and provide certain financial subsidies for the selected projects In particular, we should learn some lessons from the past to avoid mistakes caused by the rapid promotion of core technology Yang also stressed that we should rely on the market to find innovation points The government's responsibility is to purify the market and let the market play its role consciously.