bioRxiv: First human COVID-19 immunology study reveals universal effective antibodies

, June 7, 2020 /PRNewswire
/ -- In a study published on the preprinted platformbioRxiv, scientists from Rockefeller University published the first round of immunology findings on 149 PATIENTs with COVID-19 rehabilitation, showing that, despite significant differences in the levels of antibodies produced in their bodies, most people have at least some essentially positive and SARS-CoV-Co-2 antibodiesPicture Source: NIH
The efficacy of antibodies varies widely, and although many can "tie" the virus, only some viruses have a real neutral effect, which means that it effectively blocks the virus from entering cellsSince April 1, researchers have been collecting blood samples from patients recovering from COVID-19, most of which showed poor or moderate neutral activity, suggesting a weak antibody response, however, further observations showed that the immune system in each person produced effective antibodies, but not in a significant number of neutral antibodies, even if there were no large amounts of neutral antibodies in the individual serum, but the researchers also found some rare immune cells that can make antibodiesresearcher Michel CNussenzweig said this suggests that almost everyone might be able to do so, which is a good thing for vaccine development, meaning that if researchers can produce a vaccine that produces special antibodies, the vaccine may be effective, at least for many peopleIn addition, researchers have found three different antibodies that have been shown to neutralize the virus, and are now working further to develop new therapies and preventive drugs149 COVID-19 patients who recovered to the Rockefeller Hospital to donate plasma during the five-week period beginning in early April, with the average duration of symptoms at 12 days and the average time for their first symptoms 39 days before the donationThe researchers used tests developed to detect neutralization in donated plasma samples, which were used to mix plasma with the fake SARS-CoV-2 virus, while determining the extent to which the mixture could still infect host cells in a petri dishIn 33% of the donors, the neutrality and activity of the plasma is lower than the detectable level, and for many people in this group, the first line of defense of the body's immune system may quickly resolve the infection problem before the cells that produce the antibody are called inmost plasma samples showed poor neutrality, a very high proportion for 1 percent of donors, the researchers said, as with other diseases, everyone's response was different, some people responded less, some responded in general, and others didA small group of people responded well, and the large number of neutral antibodies present in their serum may help researchers capture rare B cells, which the researchers can then clone and use to simulate powerful defenses in other populationsOf the many antibodies produced by these elite responders, the researchers identified 40 specific antibodies that neutralized the virus, and the researchers targeted three antibodies that worked even at low concentrationsthe neutral antibodies found in this study can bind to at least three different sites of the receptor binding domain (RBD) sub-receptor strain of the virus's sting protein, and after re-analysing the poor-performing plasma samples, the researchers found that these plasmas also containanticized antibodies that can bind to RBD, albeit in small numbers; 'Now we know what effective antibodies are like, and we've found similar antibodies in more than one body, which is very important for people who design and test vaccines, and if researchers observe that these vaccines can induce the function of these antibodies, they may be looking in the right direction, which is critical to developing a new vaccine against SARS-CoV-2 later in life, ' mr biani said (BioValleyBioon.com) original origins: Davide F Robbiani, Christian Gaebler, Frauke Muecksch, et al.
Convergent Antibody Responses to SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Convales Individuals , bioRxiv (2020) doi: 10.1101/2020.05.13.092619