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The number and behavior of small glial cells that trim neuron connectivity vary from boy to girl's brain, according to a new study on autism published On , which could help explain why more boys have autism and related diseases.
year, men have two to five times as many autism as women, and although the cause is unknown, psychiatristes generally acknowledge that there are large biological differences between the sexes.
Doina Walling, a neurobiologist at the University of California, San Francisco, and colleagues found that genes associated with small glial cells were more active in boys' brains in the first few months of life than in girls' brains, suggesting a fundamental difference in brain development between boys and girls.The
team examined the differences between men and women in gene expression in brain tissue, and preliminary tests found that previously autistic-related genes had higher levels of expression in boys' brains;
team considered using a Vern diagram to show the biological differences between the brain's genders, another to show groups with autism and non-autism, and found that the biological differences that led to different autism risks for boys and girls fell in overlapping areas.
so far, scientists still know little about how small glial cell pruning behavior affects brain development. A 2010 study noted that 9 out of 13 brain samples had large-scale densely active small glial cells, while another study in 2014 showed autistic behavior in mice with low numbers of small glial cells in the brain early in life. Simon Barron Cohen, director of the Autism Research Centre at the University of Cambridge in the UK, said the New Research Byring team was consistent with other findings that brain changes in autism may have occurred before birth.
goal is to develop targeted autism drugs and to better understand the link between this particular cell and autism, said Dr. Walling. (Source: Science and Technology Daily, Fang Linlin)