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    Home > Active Ingredient News > Infection > Cell: A review of the traceability of the new coronavirus written by the most authoritative experts in the field is published

    Cell: A review of the traceability of the new coronavirus written by the most authoritative experts in the field is published

    • Last Update: 2021-09-03
    • Source: Internet
    • Author: User
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    In May 2021, US President Biden ordered a 90-day investigation of the origin of the new crown virus
    .


    Late August is the deadline for the report


    Although many people are anxiously awaiting the results of the investigation, CNN reported an explanation from a well-informed source:

    "nothing too earth shattering,"

    (Nothing earth-shattering)

    On the other side, scientists have never given up on the origin of the coronavirus from the perspective of academic research
    .

    On August 19, 2021, Cell magazine launched a review on the origin of SARS-CoV-2 by Andrew Rambaut, Kristian Andersen and Edward Holmes, which caused a lot of reposts and heated discussions
    .

    Since the beginning of the epidemic, many molecular biology studies and reviews on the origin of the virus have come from these three research groups, so they are also the virus origin research experts who I cited and commented most
    .

    Holmes cooperated with Fudan University to upload the first SARS-CoV-2 sequence on virological.
    org as soon as the epidemic began, which became the original sequence for all current diagnostic kit vaccine development; its Cell review published last year was a virus A masterpiece of origin
    .

    Andersen's discussion articles on virological.
    org and Nature Med last year pointed out the direction of virus origin research and became the most cited related paper
    .

    Therefore, this latest review can be said to come from the most authoritative experts in this field based on the important summary of the latest information
    .

    Previously, I analyzed virus sequences and interpreted many cross-species transmission of coronaviruses out of interest on Weibo, but now these contents have become the core content of my work
    .


    I currently need to analyze a large number of bat coronavirus sequences and Western Blot results to develop a COVID-19 vaccine, construct vectors and fake viruses, and interpret and neutralize the results; because of this shift from interest to work content, I need to know more about bat coronaviruses.


    Although RaTG13 discovered in Tongguan Town in 2013 is currently known as the coronavirus with the closest genetic sequence to SARS-CoV-2, the consensus in the scientific community is that RaTG13 is not the ancestor of SARS-CoV-2, but more likely to be two.
    Independent viruses on different evolutionary branches; judging from ORF1ab and other sequences, the other three potential genotype recombinant viruses of bat coronavirus RmYN02, RpYN06 and PrC31 found in Yunnan (not yet discovered) may be more similar to the ancestors of SARS-CoV-2.
    To get close, these studies come from Chinese scholars and Holmes
    .

    I often say that the cross-species transmission of coronavirus is very frequent, but the threshold for forming a pandemic is very high
    .


    Unfortunately, the bat host or intermediate animal host of SARS-CoV-2 has not been discovered so far, and the initial cross-species transmission event has not been discovered.


    In fact, the animal origins of many human pathogens (including Ebola virus, hepatitis C virus, polio virus, and coronavirus HCoV-HKU1 and HCoV-NL63) have not yet been determined, but scholars have discovered through more than ten years of intensive research.
    A bat coronavirus that has more than 95% similarity with SARS-CoV and uses human ACE2 as a receptor, thus locking down its possible bat origin
    .

    Regarding Lab Leak Theory, incidents of lab leak pathogens around the world are not uncommon in history, but lab leaks have never caused a pandemic
    .


    This is because lab leaks are easier to find and control than natural origins


    The article comprehensively and meticulously retrieved the best scientific evidence: all bat-CoV research papers published by WIV, pointing out that only three bat coronaviruses, WIV1-CoV, WIV16-CoV and Rs4874 (Ge et al.
    , 2013; Hu et al.
    , 2017; Yang et al.
    , 2015), these three viruses are closer to SARS-CoV and farther away from SARS-CoV-2
    .


    But RaTG13 has never been successfully isolated and cultured


    In fact, the Furin sequence is also found in other coronaviruses such as MERS-CoV, HCoV-OC43 and HCoV-HKU1; and the RRAR sequence used by SARS-CoV-2 is a very inefficient way of protease cleavage
    .


    At present, the only Furin sequence added to SARS-CoV does not come from WIV (Belouzard et al.


    In addition, CGG codons that are suspected of being artificially added are also found in SARS-CoV
    .

    The controversial Gain-of-Function was not a controversial virological study before the epidemic
    .


    There are many related studies in the international virology community .


    WIV has never carried out reverse genetic technology to construct live coronaviruses
    .

    Therefore, there is no scientific evidence pointing to laboratory leaks
    .

    At the same time, SARS-CoV-2 is not established by bat coronavirus through in vitro passage method and animal inoculation adaptation method
    .


    The original SARS-CoV-2 strain cannot infect mice, and the N501Y mutant strain, which can infect a large number of animals, was formed in a widespread human epidemic


    This has actually been repeatedly verified by the virus epidemic process
    .

    The key mutations (D614G, N501Y, K417N/T, L452R and E484K/Q) of SARS-CoV-2 that enhance the adaptability of the virus to increase the ability to bind to ACE2, increase transmission capacity and immune escape (D614G, N501Y, K417N/T, L452R and E484K/Q) were all realized after the human pandemic.
    instead of "deliberate laboratory screening"
    .
    The process by which this virus spreads among humans to increase its adaptability suggests that the sequence and phenotype of the virus during its early epidemic are not the optimal state of adaptability for the virus
    .

    Although I often say that coronaviruses are spreading frequently across species, it seems that the frequency of human pandemics is also accelerating
    .

    The intention of this authoritative review is actually what I have repeatedly emphasized that finding the animal reservoir of the natural origin of the virus and the cross-species transmission route is crucial to preventing future cross-species coronavirus epidemics
    .

    Original source:

    Original source:

    Edward C.
    Holmes, et al.
    The Origins of SARS-CoV-2: A Critical Review .
    Cell, 2021.
    DOI: https://doi.
    org/10.
    1016/j.
    cell.
    2021.
    08.
    017.

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