Cell Death Differ: Single-cell RNA sequencing reveals heterogeneity in tumors of primary grape membrane melanoma

Grape membrane melanoma is an invasive and deadly tumor formed by melanin cells in the vein membrane.
only 1-3% of patients had a detectable metastasis at the time of diagnosis.
because the survival rate of patients is related to the size of primary tumors, rapid local treatment is particularly important.
the primary tumor was successfully cured, 50 percent of patients still had significant liver metastasis over a 2.4-year medium period.
currently does not have an approved systemic treatment for vine melanoma, which causes 90 percent of patients to die within six months of being diagnosed with metastasis.
in many cancers, heterogeneity in tumors has been considered the main cause of tumor metastasis.
, however, the presence, biological function and contribution of specific cell subtastes to metastasis in grape membrane melanoma are still unknown.
, it is particularly important to evaluate the heterogeneity of tumors and the characteristics of different transcriptional states, and to identify the corresponding biomarkers for the prevention of metastasis diseases.
Single-celled RNA-seq revealed a poor prognosis of cell subgroups In this study used multiple-scale analysis using single-cell RNA sequencing of six different primary grape membrane melanomas, the researchers found heterogeneity in tumors at the genomic and transcriptional group levels.
researchers identified different transcriptional cell states and different tumor-related populations in the sample sub-set.
further research has revealed a gene regulatory network in which the invasiveness of tumors and the adverse prognostic state of patients are driven in part by transcription factor HES6.
RNAscope analysis of human primary grape membrane melanoma also confirmed the heterogeneous expression of HES6.
test of the urine sac membrane of chicken embryo showed that knocking out HES6 weakened cell proliferation, migration and metastasis, and proved the important role of HES6 in grape membrane melanoma.
Single-cell RNA-seq reveals the heterogeneity of the tumor, and the single-cell analysis results provide an unprecedented perspective on the heterogeneity of primary vine melanoma, identify metastases in primary tumors as true biomarkers, and reveal targeted modules that drive tumor growth and metastasis.
, the results show that HES6 is an effective target to prevent the development of grape membrane melanoma.