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Now, scientists have shown how a protein associated with Parkinson's disease destroys these cells
These findings came from experiments that genetically modified fruit fly larvae to produce an abnormally large amount of a protein called α-synuclein
"When the level of alpha-synuclein expressed by Drosophila larvae increased, many of the mitochondria we observed became unhealthy and many mitochondria became fragmented
This result may be interesting in the context of drug development, because abnormal accumulation of alpha-synuclein in brain cells is a hallmark of Parkinson's disease, and mitochondrial damage has also been observed in patients
"This study demonstrates the advantages of using Drosophila larvae as a biological model to study how neurons are damaged in devastating diseases such as Parkinson's disease," said TJ Krzystek, a PhD candidate in Biological Sciences at UB
The study is published in the August 17th of Cell Death & Disease journal
This research is a collaborative effort, and many members of the Gunawardena laboratory have made significant contributions
Take a closer look-synuclein and mitochondria
By testing fruit fly larvae, scientists were able to tease out the intricate details of the interaction between alpha-synuclein and mitochondria
For example, this study not only concluded that different parts of alpha-synuclein may cause mitochondria to fragment and damage mitochondrial health; the study also identified these parts and described how other proteins interact with them to drive These changes
"Mitochondrial damage has long been involved in the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease," Banerjee said
Gunawardena added: "By using imaging tools and a color marking system, we can sort out the specific mechanism and function of alpha-synuclein to observe the process of mitochondria when alpha-synuclein is elevated
Journal Reference :
Thomas J.