Cell Res: The Yellow Wave team uncovers the causes of early silent hypoxia in patients with new crowns

The global pandemic caused by the spread of the new coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 has yet to show signs of abating, but it has infected more than 50 million people and killed more than 1.3 million.
Regardless of the urgent international research on the new coronavirus, the true pathogenesis of the new coronavirus infection is still unclear, especially the key cell and molecular events in the early stages of viral infection have not been revealed, which has become an important constraint to crack the new crown problem.
huang Bo team from the Institute of Basic Medicine of the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences published a research paper on Cell Research online entitled: Mucus production by IFN-AhR signaling triggers hypoxia of COVID-19 patients, unlocking key aspects of the early stages of neo-coronary disease.
The function of the lungs is to inhale oxygen and emit carbon dioxide, the flow of this gas occurs in the respiratory tract, mainly through the trachea, bronchial tubes and small bronchial tubes to complete, but when inhaling gas, inevitably the external bacteria and viruses inhaled, in order to prevent the invasion of this pathogen, the respiratory part evolved a set of mechanisms to secrete mucus, the mucus covered the surface of the airways, by sticking to small microorganisms, to prevent them from infecting cells.
At the same time, the surface of the trachea, bronchial tube and small bronchial tube has a large number of culvers, which swing upward, the mucus adhered to pathogens can be discharged to the throat site, in the form of sputum excreted out of the body, thereby maintaining the cleanliness of the lungs.
Air passes through the trachea and bronchial tubes and eventually enters the balloon-like area at the end of the thin bronchial tube, called the analgesic, and the oxygen and carbon dioxide exchange in the veins, i.e. oxygen flows through the walls of the veins and capillaries that depend on the walls of the veins, while carbon dioxide from the blood enters the veins and the walls of the veins and the veins and is excreted by exhalation.
Unlike trachea and bronchial tubes, the vesicles do not produce mucus and the surface is not cuffy, thus maintaining the dryness of the vesicles and facilitating gas exchange, but the surface of the vesicles has a thin layer of liquid, forming a surface pressure to maintain the extrusion structure of the lungs.
Yellow Wave team study found that when the new coronavirus infection, the virus invades the vesicle site causing type II anticulosic superstrucells to secrete mucus, which is deposited on the surface of the vesicle, increasing the barrier through which the gas from the velebic site passes, leading to hypoxia in the earliest body.
mechanism, the team found that SARS-CoV-2 infections do not directly induce infected cells to produce mucus, but are triggered by stimulating interferons released by immune cells.
yellow wave team confirmed that interferon through the IDO-Kyn molecular signaling channel, the final activation of the key transcription factor AhR, which directly induces the expression of mucous protein genes, so that the albathic superseed cells secrete mucus.
interferon as the core factor of antiviral infection, the role of this induced mucus is still the protection of cells, but it initiates the pathological changes in lung tissue, it is "good will to do bad things."
study solves the clinical mystery of "silent hypoxia".
Clinical observation found that many new crown patients did not show symptoms in the early stages, and lack of oxygen has been produced, its blood oxygen saturation can be as low as 60%, this early mysterious formation of spent oxygen, because it is not clear the mechanism behind it, the foreign clinical community called "silent hypoxia."
the body is actually very resistant to obsessive oxygen, but not to co2 accumulation in the body.
for two reasons: first, increased levels of CO2 in the blood can lead to acidosis in the body;
but early secretion of mucus only affects O2 at the bubble site, but not CO2? This is because the solubility of CO2 is more than 20 times that of O2, so only when the amount of mucus deposited in the vesicle site reaches a certain level, will CO2 be prevented from leaving the blood and entering the vesicles.
study provides a potential treatment strategy for new coronavirus infections.
although the new coronavirus is highly contagious, most infected people do not show obvious symptoms or mild symptoms, suggesting that the body's immune system is well placed to control the virus.
For severely ill patients, if the damage to lung function can be mitigated at an early stage and time is gained for the formation of the body's specific antiviral immunity (T-cell and B-cell response), it may prevent the transition from the disease to severe illness, or prevent the progression of severe illness to death.
the similarities between SARS, MERS, Ebola, and new coronavirus diseases, this study is also useful for the prevention and treatment of SARS, MERS, and Ebola virus infections.