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Written | Edited by Wang Cong | Typeset by Wang Duoyu | Shui Chengwen As of now, there have been more than 250 million confirmed cases of COVID-19 worldwide, resulting in more than 5 million deaths
.
Extensive vaccination can help build overall immunity against new coronary pneumonia
.
However, many studies have shown that a variety of new crown vaccines have problems with weakened antibody strength and decreased protective efficacy
.
Therefore, it is necessary to get a third dose for booster immunization when the original two doses of vaccine have been vaccinated
.
Recent studies have shown that the enhanced shot selection of the same vaccine as the previous two shots shows satisfactory safety and high immune response
.
In addition, studies have shown that a different vaccine (heterologous vaccination) for booster injections can induce stronger neutralizing antibodies
.
So far, after two doses of inactivated vaccine, the effect of inoculation of recombinant protein subunit vaccine as the third booster shot of heterologous vaccination has not been evaluated.
These data can provide further support for the development of a global vaccination boost plan in the future
.
On November 23, 2021, Zhang Wenhong’s team from Huashan Hospital affiliated to Fudan University published in Cell Research the title: Recombinant protein subunit vaccine booster following two-dose inactivated vaccines dramatically enhanced anti-RBD responses and neutralizing titers against SARS-CoV-2 and Variants of Concern (recombinant protein subunit vaccine booster after two doses of inactivated vaccine, significantly enhanced anti-RBD response and neutralizing antibody titers against new coronavirus and mutant strains)
.
Zhang Wenhong’s team conducted an intensified injection test in Huashan Hospital.
Among healthy people who have received two injections of inactivated virus vaccine (CoronaVac vaccine of Kexing Biotechnology or BBIBP-CorV vaccine of Sinopharm), those who received 25μg of recombinant protein subunit vaccine The third booster shot is given 4-8 months after the initial vaccination
.
Then observe the safety and immune response of the vaccinators
.
The research team used the surrogate virus neutralization test (sVNT) to determine the neutralization activity, and the pseudovirus neutralization test (pVNT) to detect the neutralization titer
.
The research team evaluated the levels of neutralizing antibodies and anti-RBD antibodies, and their geometric mean titers were 18.
19 and 24.
89, respectively.
In the boost group, the median total anti-RBD antibody and IgG levels were 8.
47 BAU/mL and 4.
42, respectively.
BAU/mL
.
On the 14th day after the booster vaccination, the level of pVNT was 75.
58 times the baseline level and increased to 448.
60 times the baseline level on the 28th day
.
The median anti-RBD antibody level and IgG level on day 14 were 8342.
00 BAU/mL and 1218.
50 BAU/mL, respectively, which were significantly higher than the baseline antibody level
.
By the 28th day, the total anti-RBD antibody level (4020.
50 BAU/mL) and IgG level (1140.
50 BAU/mL) decreased slightly from the peak level
.
In the boost group, 30 people (42.
30%) and 8 people (11.
30%) reported the injection site and systemic adverse reactions within 3 days of the booster needle injection
.
The most common injection site and systemic adverse reactions were pain (20 people, 28.
20%) and fatigue (6 people, 8.
50%)
.
All adverse events were mild or moderate, and most of them disappeared 3 days after the booster needle injection
.
Only 4 persons (5.
60%) and 1 person (1.
40%) respectively reported new or persistent injection site adverse reactions on the 4th to 14th day and the 15th to 28th day
.
This study also found that 4-8 months after the first two shots of vaccination, neutralizing antibodies can still be detected in the vaccinators, but they are reduced compared to 14 days after the second vaccination, and specific T cells are produced The IFN-γ can also be detected, but also decreased
.
For all tested novel coronavirus mutant strains of concern, compared with 14 days after the second vaccination, the third booster shot after the previous two doses of inactivated vaccine can significantly recall and increase the functional B cell response 27 To 75 times
.
These findings indicate that two doses of the inactivated new coronavirus vaccine can trigger long-lasting humoral and cellular immunity, and can be successfully recalled through the third booster shot to provide protection against the new coronavirus and its mutant strains
.
However, the attenuation rate of neutralizing antibodies and the level of long-term B cell and T cell memory still need to be evaluated in follow-up studies
.
This study showed satisfactory safety data.
After two doses of inactivated vaccine, the third dose of recombinant protein subunit vaccine as a booster shot may be safe for healthy adults aged 18-59
.
Due to the limited number of cases in China, this study did not evaluate the effects of the vaccine on breakthrough infections and the morbidity and mortality of the new crown after intensified injections
.
Participants in this study will be followed up for up to 12 months after the booster vaccination to assess the persistence of enhanced immunity against the new coronavirus and its mutant strains after the booster vaccination
.
In general, after two doses of inactivated virus vaccines are used as the initial immunization, the third dose of heterologous protein subunit vaccine is safe and highly immunogenic for healthy adults, which significantly recalls and increases the risk The immune response of the new coronavirus and its mutant strains
.
These findings provide important evidence for the establishment of a global heterologous vaccine booster vaccination strategy against new coronary pneumonia in the future
.
Link to the paper: https:// open for reprinting, welcome to forward to Moments and WeChat groups
.
Extensive vaccination can help build overall immunity against new coronary pneumonia
.
However, many studies have shown that a variety of new crown vaccines have problems with weakened antibody strength and decreased protective efficacy
.
Therefore, it is necessary to get a third dose for booster immunization when the original two doses of vaccine have been vaccinated
.
Recent studies have shown that the enhanced shot selection of the same vaccine as the previous two shots shows satisfactory safety and high immune response
.
In addition, studies have shown that a different vaccine (heterologous vaccination) for booster injections can induce stronger neutralizing antibodies
.
So far, after two doses of inactivated vaccine, the effect of inoculation of recombinant protein subunit vaccine as the third booster shot of heterologous vaccination has not been evaluated.
These data can provide further support for the development of a global vaccination boost plan in the future
.
On November 23, 2021, Zhang Wenhong’s team from Huashan Hospital affiliated to Fudan University published in Cell Research the title: Recombinant protein subunit vaccine booster following two-dose inactivated vaccines dramatically enhanced anti-RBD responses and neutralizing titers against SARS-CoV-2 and Variants of Concern (recombinant protein subunit vaccine booster after two doses of inactivated vaccine, significantly enhanced anti-RBD response and neutralizing antibody titers against new coronavirus and mutant strains)
.
Zhang Wenhong’s team conducted an intensified injection test in Huashan Hospital.
Among healthy people who have received two injections of inactivated virus vaccine (CoronaVac vaccine of Kexing Biotechnology or BBIBP-CorV vaccine of Sinopharm), those who received 25μg of recombinant protein subunit vaccine The third booster shot is given 4-8 months after the initial vaccination
.
Then observe the safety and immune response of the vaccinators
.
The research team used the surrogate virus neutralization test (sVNT) to determine the neutralization activity, and the pseudovirus neutralization test (pVNT) to detect the neutralization titer
.
The research team evaluated the levels of neutralizing antibodies and anti-RBD antibodies, and their geometric mean titers were 18.
19 and 24.
89, respectively.
In the boost group, the median total anti-RBD antibody and IgG levels were 8.
47 BAU/mL and 4.
42, respectively.
BAU/mL
.
On the 14th day after the booster vaccination, the level of pVNT was 75.
58 times the baseline level and increased to 448.
60 times the baseline level on the 28th day
.
The median anti-RBD antibody level and IgG level on day 14 were 8342.
00 BAU/mL and 1218.
50 BAU/mL, respectively, which were significantly higher than the baseline antibody level
.
By the 28th day, the total anti-RBD antibody level (4020.
50 BAU/mL) and IgG level (1140.
50 BAU/mL) decreased slightly from the peak level
.
In the boost group, 30 people (42.
30%) and 8 people (11.
30%) reported the injection site and systemic adverse reactions within 3 days of the booster needle injection
.
The most common injection site and systemic adverse reactions were pain (20 people, 28.
20%) and fatigue (6 people, 8.
50%)
.
All adverse events were mild or moderate, and most of them disappeared 3 days after the booster needle injection
.
Only 4 persons (5.
60%) and 1 person (1.
40%) respectively reported new or persistent injection site adverse reactions on the 4th to 14th day and the 15th to 28th day
.
This study also found that 4-8 months after the first two shots of vaccination, neutralizing antibodies can still be detected in the vaccinators, but they are reduced compared to 14 days after the second vaccination, and specific T cells are produced The IFN-γ can also be detected, but also decreased
.
For all tested novel coronavirus mutant strains of concern, compared with 14 days after the second vaccination, the third booster shot after the previous two doses of inactivated vaccine can significantly recall and increase the functional B cell response 27 To 75 times
.
These findings indicate that two doses of the inactivated new coronavirus vaccine can trigger long-lasting humoral and cellular immunity, and can be successfully recalled through the third booster shot to provide protection against the new coronavirus and its mutant strains
.
However, the attenuation rate of neutralizing antibodies and the level of long-term B cell and T cell memory still need to be evaluated in follow-up studies
.
This study showed satisfactory safety data.
After two doses of inactivated vaccine, the third dose of recombinant protein subunit vaccine as a booster shot may be safe for healthy adults aged 18-59
.
Due to the limited number of cases in China, this study did not evaluate the effects of the vaccine on breakthrough infections and the morbidity and mortality of the new crown after intensified injections
.
Participants in this study will be followed up for up to 12 months after the booster vaccination to assess the persistence of enhanced immunity against the new coronavirus and its mutant strains after the booster vaccination
.
In general, after two doses of inactivated virus vaccines are used as the initial immunization, the third dose of heterologous protein subunit vaccine is safe and highly immunogenic for healthy adults, which significantly recalls and increases the risk The immune response of the new coronavirus and its mutant strains
.
These findings provide important evidence for the establishment of a global heterologous vaccine booster vaccination strategy against new coronary pneumonia in the future
.
Link to the paper: https:// open for reprinting, welcome to forward to Moments and WeChat groups
