Cell: The new crown vaccine has a long way to go: a variety of COVID-19 variants evade neutralization through vaccine-induced humoral immunity

Vaccination can stimulate an immune response and effectively neutralize the SARS-CoV-2 virus.

immunity

The study evaluated the neutralizing efficacy of 99 people who received one or two doses of BNT162b2 or mRNA-1273 vaccine against 10 SARS-CoV-2 pseudoviruses that are circulating globally.

The worrisome SARS-CoV-2 variant appeared and spread all over the world.

The worrisome SARS-CoV-2 variant appeared and spread all over the world.

(A) The phylogenetic tree of the SARS-CoV-2 variant ( adapted from nextstrain.

(B) A world map depicting the locations of these lineage mutations for the first time: the original wild-type virus of the A lineage in Wuhan, China ( grey ) ; the D614G variant ( pink ) that became the main epidemic strain in Europe ; and the British B.

(C) The crystal structure of the stabilized SARS-CoV-2 spike trimer (PDB : 7JJI) before fusion is shown in the left ( left ) and right ( right ) images .

(D) shows the schematic diagram of the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein structure and the mutations of the mutant strain used in this study.

The SARS-CoV-2 variant tested in the study

The SARS-CoV-2 variant tested in this study The SARS-CoV-2 variant tested in this study

The mutations of the spike protein sequence of the following SARS-CoV-2 variants are as follows: wild type ( gray ) , D614G ( pink ) , B.

The mutations of the spike protein sequence of the following SARS-CoV-2 variants are as follows: wild type ( gray ) , D614G ( pink ) , B.

The limited cross-neutralization of SARS-CoV-2 B.

The limited cross-neutralization of SARS-CoV-2 B.

(A) The stable SARS-CoV-2 spike trimer before fusion (PDB : 7JJI) contains the RBD and non- RBD mutation sites of the B.

(B) and B.

(C) There is a correlation between the pseudovirus neutralization titers of D614G and B.

(D) K417N + E484K + N501Y variation fake virus fake virus neutralization (PNT50) associated with the wild-type virus fake.

(E) Quantitative ELISA was used to detect the total antibody ( anti- RBDK417N+E484K+N501Y total antibody ) that binds to the RBD carrying the B.
1.
351 mutant RBD , and neutralize it with the pseudovirus of the K417N+E484K+N501Y mutant pseudovirus (PNT50) Related.
(E) Quantitative ELISA was used to detect the total antibody ( anti- RBDK417N+E484K+N501Y total antibody ) that binds to the RBD carrying the B.
1.
351 mutant RBD , and neutralize it with the pseudovirus of the K417N+E484K+N501Y mutant pseudovirus (PNT50) Related.

Traditionally, the polyclonal immune response generated in the context of infection and vaccination is considered to be directed against multiple epitopes.
Given this hypothesis, it is expected that a small amount of variation in the antigen sequence will only have a slight impact on the recognition of the immune system.
However, the study found that although many strains, such as B.
1.
1.
7, B.
1.
1.
298 or B.
1.
429, despite the presence of individual RBD mutations, they can still be effectively neutralized, while other circulating SARS-CoV- 2 The mutant strain can escape the humoral immunity induced by the vaccine.
Variants containing the E484K mutation in the RBD region can significantly reduce the neutralization efficacy of fully vaccinated individuals.
Similarly, the P.
1 strain with three RBD mutations escaped neutralization more effectively, which may explain the recently reported cases of reinfection with this variant.
The study also found that the B.
1.
351 variant exhibited significant neutralization resistance, mainly due to the three RBD mutations, but also had measurable contributions from non-RBD mutations.
The magnitude of this impact is so great that the B.
1.
351 strain of virus can effectively escape the neutralizing vaccine response like a distantly related coronavirus.

infection

All in all, the study highlights the challenges faced by all vaccines that were designed early in the pandemic and based on the sequence of the first reported virus from Wuhan, China.
Given the global scale and scale of the ongoing pandemic, including reports of reinfection cases, it is clear that the evolution of the virus will continue.
Current vaccines may still provide clinical benefits to variants with poor cross-neutralization ability (such as P.
1 and B.
1.
351) by reducing the severity of new coronary pneumonia , but this has not been determined.
Ultimately, it is important to develop interventions that can prevent the spread of various SARS-CoV-2 variants, including vaccine enhancers for these variants, or technologies that can induce or deliver broadly neutralizing antibodies .
Although the clinical impact of neutralizing drug resistance remains uncertain, these results highlight the possibility of mutants to evade neutralizing humoral immunity and emphasize the need for extensive protective interventions to respond to the evolving pandemic.

Coronavirus disease It highlights the possibility of mutant strains to evade neutralizing humoral immunity, and emphasizes the need to develop a wide range of protective interventions to deal with the evolving pandemic.

Original source:

Original source:

Garcia-Beltran Wilfredo F, Lam Evan C, St Denis Kerri et al.
Multiple SARS-CoV-2 variants escape neutralization by vaccine-induced humoral immunity.
[J] .
Cell, 2021, undefined: undefined.

Garcia-Beltran Wilfredo F, Lam Evan C, St Denis Kerri et al.
Multiple SARS-CoV-2 variants escape neutralization by vaccine-induced humoral immunity.
[J] .
Cell, 2021, undefined: undefined.

 

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