China's century-old anti-epidemic history "stars are shining"

Introduction : The history of human development is the history of constant struggle against infectious diseases

Su Delong: Pioneer of schistosomiasis, sending away the plague god schistosomiasis

"The stomach is like a watermelon, the neck is like a loofah, and the arms are like cucumbers", this is a true portrayal of the people in the schistosomiasis-affected areas

● Schistosomiasis is commonly known as "pot-bellied disease".

Another way of saying that: Oncomelania land in winter and water in summer

Figure 1 Su Delong used mathematical methods to study the distribution of snails (Source: "Shanghai Public Health Past")

In 1963, Su Delong published the paper "The Negative Binomial Distribution of Oncomelania", which is the first research achievement in the world to comprehensively describe the distribution law of Oncomelania

In 1985, Shanghai eliminated schistosomiasis, which took 12 years

"Grandpa Sugar Pill" Gu Fangzhou: Protect Chinese Children from Polio

A small candy pill carries the sweet memories of many people's childhood

Turn the clock back to 1955, when a "strange disease" broke out in Nantong, Jiangsu: 1,680 people in the city were suddenly paralyzed, most of them children, and 466 of them died

● Poliomyelitis is an acute infectious disease caused by poliovirus that seriously endangers children's health.

At the end of 1960, the first batch of 5 million doses of the vaccine was promoted in 11 cities across the country

Figure 2 Polio live vaccine sugar pills (Source: Zhihu Daily)

On January 2, 2019, Gu Fangzhou died in Beijing at the age of 92

Zhao Kai: Fighting the "epidemic" - "destroying smallpox"

What is "smallpox"? Few Chinese people under the age of 50 know about it

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In response to "smallpox", Zhao Kai, who was assigned to work in the vaccinia room of the Beijing Institute of Biological Products, quickly started the preparation of vaccinia vaccine

In 1962, smallpox was completely wiped out in China
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On December 9, 1979, 21 members from 19 countries, including Zhang Yihao, the then director of the "Beijing Institute", signed at the second meeting of the Global Smallpox Eradication Committee
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On that day, mankind, who had fought against smallpox for centuries, declared a triumphant victory
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"I have been engaged in vaccine research for 55 years.
It can be said that I have experienced various stages of development of vaccine research technology in our country, and have used various technologies
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" Zhao Kai's road to vaccine development is the epitome of the 60-year progress of vaccine technology in the Republic
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In the 1950s, animals were used to cultivate "live vaccines"; in the 1960s and 1970s, attenuated vaccines and inactivated vaccines appeared and were widely used; in the 1980s, China used subunit vaccines to prevent hepatitis B; since the 1980s, it has relied on DNA recombination technology to develop genetic engineering Vaccines.
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In just a few decades, China's vaccine development has approached the international level
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Chen Wei: Dancing with "Poison", Ebola Terminator

Chen Wei was born in Zhejiang in 1966
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He graduated from Zhejiang University with a bachelor's degree, and later obtained a master's degree from Tsinghua University.
He was recruited by special enrollment
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Chen Wei's deeds are like a legend, and there is always Chen Wei's team in the front line of anti-epidemic
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When the SARS virus was rampant, she developed the SARS virus interferon, which effectively prevented the SARS virus from spreading; when the Ebola outbreak in Africa, she rushed to Africa without hesitation to develop a vaccine against the Ebola virus; this new crown epidemic After the outbreak, she brought the first batch of teams to Wuhan, and developed a new crown vaccine at the first time
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★ Developed SARS interferon

When the SARS outbreak broke out, Chen Wei took her medical team and went to the front line to collect virus samples despite the danger
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They stayed in the hardest hit area for more than 100 days.
After working hard day and night, Chen Wei and her medical team finally developed an interferon that can inhibit the SARS virus and effectively controlled the SARS epidemic.

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She has saved countless lives during this pandemic
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★Ebola vaccine developed

After the Ebola virus broke out in Africa, Chen Wei took her medical team to the front line in Africa
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In just a few months, she and her team developed an Ebola vaccine and conducted clinical trials in Africa
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This is also the first time that a vaccine developed in China has been promoted and used abroad, which is of great significance
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★Developed a new crown vaccine

At the beginning of the outbreak of the new coronavirus in Wuhan, Chen Wei led her team to Wuhan for vaccine research
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Soon a nucleic acid detection kit for the new coronavirus was developed.
The results of this research greatly shortened the detection time of the new coronavirus, accelerated the diagnosis, and effectively prevented the development of the epidemic
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Subsequently, a new coronavirus vaccine was also developed-recombinant new coronavirus vaccine (type 5 adenovirus vector), which was approved for marketing and put into use in March 2021
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The vaccine is the first approved domestic adenovirus vector new coronavirus vaccine, which is suitable for preventing diseases caused by new coronavirus infection
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In 2016, Chen Wei won the CCTV-10 "Top Ten Scientific and Technological Innovation Figures in China in 2015" for her outstanding contribution to "anti-Egyptian"
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In 2019, 53-year-old Chen Wei was elected as an academician of the Chinese Academy of Engineering
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In 2020, Chen Wei was awarded the national honorary title of "People's Hero"
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After the outbreak of the new crown pneumonia, she immediately went to Wuhan to carry out scientific research and prevention and control guidance tasks.
She has made major achievements in basic research, vaccine and protective drug research and development, and made significant contributions to epidemic prevention and control.
She is a well-deserved woman.
hero
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Epilogue

In China's anti-epidemic history, there are many bright stars.
In addition to Su Delong, Gu Fangzhou, Zhao Kai, and Chen Wei, there are countless scientists dedicated to virology research
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They turned the tide in the epidemic, raced against death, and saved countless lives
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Revisiting the history of fighting against the epidemic in the past hundred years, except for smallpox, human beings have never really eliminated any disease-causing virus
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From the plague before liberation, schistosomiasis in the early days of liberation to today's hepatitis A, influenza, SARS, and the new crown, human beings have been fighting against the epidemic
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In addition to relying on science to prevent and control the epidemic, it is more important to establish a sound and effective public health system.
Health emergency work still has a long way to go
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History cannot be forgotten, but should be remembered and alert everyone
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Those people and things also remind us all the time: in the face of the epidemic, every citizen is responsible
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Each of us should actively cultivate self-protection awareness and ability to contribute to the establishment of China's emergency response mechanism for public health emergencies
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Looking back on the grandeur, I do not forget and fearless, the mountains and rivers are safe, and we will wait for the return of spring together
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