China's five-year survival and current cancer data are first released, and three groups of people unfortunately lie on guns

Source: biological exploration 2015-11-6 on October 9, 2015, Chen Wanqing, director of the National Cancer Center, led the team to publish an academic article on the statistics of the number of cancer patients in China on the international famous cancer letters, entitled "national estimates of cancer effectiveness in China, 2011" , this is the first time to release the data of cancer incidence in Chinese residents In this paper, new cancer cases and cancer survivors in China in the first five years of 2011 were analyzed to analyze the five-year survival data of 25 major types of cancer in China The data of this paper comes from 177 cancer registries in China The patients diagnosed with cancer from 2003 to 2005 were selected as the research objects, and their follow-up observation was carried out as of December 31, 2010, within five years (2006-2010) The number of cancer survivors and the number of new patients were recorded, and the patients' gender, age, residence and cancer type were recorded as parameters for horizontal and vertical comparison to systematically assess the current situation of cancer prevalence in China In 2011, the number of cancer patients reached 7.49 million, and more than half of the cancer research teams used the incidence data and survival data to build mathematical models to calculate the cancer rate Cancer incidence: the proportion of the sum of new and old cases of cancer in the total population in a certain period of time The five-year cancer incidence is the proportion of the number of cases diagnosed as cancer within five years that are still alive in the current total population The results show that there are 7.49 million cases diagnosed as cancer in five years in China, including 3.68 million male patients and 3.81 million female patients The incidence of cancer was 556 / 100000 Among the 7.49 million cancer patients, breast cancer, colorectal cancer, lung cancer, gastric cancer and esophageal cancer accounted for the top five, accounting for 56.1% of the total Compared with the incidence rate, the incidence of cancer in 5 years can reflect the disease burden overall, thus providing a scientific basis for medical and health policy-making From this big data of cancer epidemic, we can clearly see the major problems faced by health care and the focus of future work The first category: middle-aged and elderly people, cancer patients are mostly concentrated in people over 40 years old Researchers made statistics on the survival of 25 major cancers, and selected three age groups of 0-39 years old, 40-64 years old and 65 + years old for horizontal comparison So, what is the age distribution of 7.49 million cancer patients? See the figure below for details: most of the surviving cancer patients are concentrated in the middle-aged and elderly groups, mainly 40-64 year olds This result is closely related to our aging society Today, the elderly aged 65 and above in China are close to 10% The burden of the elderly greatly increases the prevalence of high-risk diseases (diabetes, cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, neurological diseases, cancer) in the elderly According to the prediction report on health care in 2020 issued by Deloitte Touche Tohmatsu, China will officially enter the stage of serious aging in 2020 Compared with developed countries, China has been "getting old before getting rich" since 2003, with a per capita GDP of 1000 US dollars According to data statistics, in 2014, health care expenditure accounted for 23% of the total expenditure, and it is estimated that by 2020, health care expenditure accounted for 32% of the total expenditure With the continuous improvement of medical level and the popularization of universal medical insurance, cancer patients have a relatively long survival period The treatment and nursing of cancer survivors are the focus of medical and health care The second category: female population, breast cancer - the "number one killer" threatening women's health Among the cancer patients diagnosed as cancer within five years in China, the number of female breast cancer patients is the most, reaching 1.02 million The National Cancer Center has shown that breast cancer accounts for 16.81% of all women's nausea and cancer, and the incidence rate is increasing at an annual rate of 3%-4% This growth rate is twice the global average, ranking first in the world Of the 1.02 million female patients, 11.1% were under 40 years old, 74.4% were 40-64 years old, and 14.5% were over 65 years old The rejuvenation of cancer also indicates the importance of breast cancer screening The development of precision medicine provides the possibility for the prevention of breast cancer Gene detection, family assessment, physical examination and screening, and health guidance are the four parts of "precision prevention" proposed by the breast cancer prevention and control alliance this year to care for women's health The third category: rural residents, the 5-year survival rate of rural cancer patients is lower than the data in the urban report In five years, the urban cancer rate is 666 / 100000, while the rural cancer rate is 440 / 100000 Please note that the 5-year cancer incidence rate in this article refers to the proportion of cases diagnosed as cancer within 5 years in the current total population This shows that the survival rate of cancer in urban areas is significantly higher than that in rural areas The reason is largely related to the level of health care No matter from the hospital's infrastructure, medical standards, or social health awareness, medical insurance system, the gap between urban and rural areas does exist and can not be ignored Cancer survivors need good medical care, both physically and psychologically This involves good investment and optimal distribution of medical resources, especially for vulnerable groups such as women, middle-aged and old people, as well as remote rural areas.