China's marine science and technology towards "dark blue"

Science to the Future The 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China has made a major strategic deployment to build a maritime power, and one of the remarkable features of the maritime power is the strength of marine science and technology.
2017 is a key year for the full implementation of the 13th Five-Year Plan.
How to strengthen the planning and guidance of marine scientific and technological innovation capabilities, vigorously develop marine high-tech, accelerate the transformation of marine scientific and technological achievements, break through the scientific and technological bottlenecks restricting the improvement of marine economy and the construction of marine ecological civilization, so that China's marine science and technology towards the "dark blue", to support the construction of marine power, we need to seriously explore.
1. China's marine science and technology innovation development is facing great opportunities From a worldwide point of view, marine science and technology innovation capability and development level has become one of the key areas for major ocean countries to compete for global ocean leadership and voice.
china is a big ocean country, after many years of development, the marine industry as a whole has entered the best period of development in history.
Especially since the 18th National Congress of the CPC, a series of major decision-making and deployment of the CPC Central Committee have reflected the importance attached to marine science and technology work, marine science and technology in the national science and technology landscape is increasingly prominent: the Outline of the National Innovation-Driven Development Strategy proposes to develop advanced and applicable marine technology, build a three-dimensional and synchronized ocean observation system, and promote the implementation of China's marine strategy and blue economic development.
The 13th Five-Year Plan for Scientific and Technological Innovation clearly states that China will strengthen key technological breakthroughs such as ocean and polar space expansion, enhance strategic space exploration, development and utilization capabilities, and provide technical support for the effective use of common human resources and the protection of national security.
have pointed the way for the future development of marine science and technology.
is a key stage to push the work of marine science and technology innovation to a new level.
The State Oceanic Administration implements key projects such as "Blue Bay, South Red North Willow, Living Island Reef, Smart Ocean, Snow Dragon Exploration, Dragon Exploration" and other key projects, the implementation of which requires the support services and innovation of marine science and technology.
these not only provide a rare opportunity for the National Oceanic Administration to accelerate the development of scientific and technological innovation, but also put forward new and higher requirements for the development of marine science and technology innovation services.
2, the main problem of China's marine science and technology innovation China's marine science and technology work after twists and turns difficult exploration and development, the current overall from the "accumulation of quantity" stage into the local area "quality breakthrough" new stage.
Although the country's marine science and technology development has made great achievements, the overall scientific and technological strength is close to the United States, the European Union, Japan and other developed countries or economies, but there is still a gap in scientific and technological innovation awareness and capacity, as well as technology development, marine independent innovation, especially original innovation needs to be strengthened.
: First, the quality and efficiency of the supply of marine science and technology achievements are not high, and the contribution of marine science and technology to economic growth and social development in coastal areas needs to be further enhanced.
China's core technology self-sequity rate in deep water, green, security and other key areas is very low, in some key core technology areas and developed countries have a gap, and deep water, green, safe marine high-tech is the commanding point of the competition of marine power.
, China's scientific and technological innovation capabilities in deep-sea development, green development of marine economy and maritime safety and security are still seriously inadequate.
, the institutional mechanism to promote the transformation of marine scientific and technological achievements has yet to be perfected, and the marine technology innovation system with enterprises as the main body has not yet been formed.
addition, combined with China's actual situation, with the further implementation of the strategy of scientific and technological development, marine information sharing work in the data content, standard norms and technical routes continue to expand and improve, and achieved remarkable results.
, however, established marine information sharing platforms are dispersed across regions or business units, with large differences in data expression and low correlation with each other, which make it difficult to maximize the overall benefits of information resources.
, China's marine field is facing a shortage of senior technicians.
take the marine engineering equipment manufacturing industry as an example.
In February 2017, the Guidelines for the Development of Manufacturing Talents, jointly issued by the Ministry of Education, the Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology and other departments clearly state that, as one of the ten key areas for the strategic deployment of China Manufacturing 2025, China's marine engineering equipment and high-tech shipbuilding industry is expected to have a talent gap of 164,000 by 2020, while the talent gap is expected to reach 266,000 by 2025.
3. On the proposal of the development of marine science and technology innovation, the reasons for the gap between China's marine science and technology innovation and developed countries, the author believes that, first, the planning plan for the overall development of marine science and technology is not authoritative enough, followed by the institutional mechanism factors restricting marine science and technology innovation have not been solved, in addition, the unreasonable allocation and input of marine science and technology resources also seriously affect the potential of innovation of marine science and technology personnel, we must strengthen the top-level design of China's marine science and technology innovation, especially to do a good job in the current preparation of the "Marine Science and Technology Innovation Master Plan."
to identify priority areas of science and technology, establish timetables and implement road maps.
On the basis of good situation research and demand analysis, we should determine key tasks, implementation time and road map in strategic and forward-looking marine key scientific and technological fields, make planning and implementation easier to operate, more realistic and easy to achieve, so as to guide and lead the development of marine science and technology in China for the current and future period of time, especially in several major marine strategic emerging industrial areas to develop industrial technology road map, the selection of key projects to draw up a clear timetable for the implementation of the overall plan for marine science and technology innovation.
, promote the transfer and transformation of marine scientific and technological achievements efficiently.
At the national level, from the revision of the Law on the Promotion of the Transformation of Scientific and Technological Achievements, the introduction of the Law on the Promotion of the Transfer of Scientific and Technological Achievements, to the Action Plan for the Transfer and Transformation of Scientific and Technological Achievements, a "trilogy" has been formed from the revision of the provisions of the law, the formulation of supporting rules to the deployment of specific tasks of the transfer and transformation of scientific and technological achievements.
extends to the marine field, under the guidance of the National Science and Technology Development Plan (2016-2020), as soon as possible to prepare and issue guidance to promote the transformation of marine scientific and technological achievements, actively implement the Law on the Promotion of the Transformation of Scientific and Technological Achievements and its supporting rules, fully combine the particularity and difficulties of the marine field, make a holistic consideration and systematic deployment of the transfer of marine scientific and technological achievements, and strive to achieve a conversion rate of more than 55% of China's marine scientific and technological achievements by 2020.
, further strengthen the enterprise's innovation subject status.
Optimize the policy system that encourages enterprises to engage in technological innovation, guide and support innovation elements such as policy, technology, capital, talent, management and public services to gather with enterprises, accelerate the construction of innovative enterprises, and support marine enterprises to carry out technological innovation, management innovation and business model innovation.
related work has been gradually advanced.
For example, in 2016, the central financial support "13th Five-Year Plan" marine economic innovation and development demonstration work carried out by the Ministry of Finance and the State Oceanic Administration is focused on filling the short board of marine industry development, focusing on cultivating new development momentum, focusing on enhancing regional development comparative advantage, the first eight cities were selected to carry out marine economic innovation and development demonstration work, by promoting industrial chain collaborative innovation and industrial incubation and innovation, to support marine enterprises to carry out technological innovation, management innovation and business model innovation.
In addition, we should establish a number of leading enterprises as the leading enterprises, industry, research and development cooperation, the participation of relevant social organizations in the marine technology innovation strategic alliance, promote cross-disciplinary cross-industry collaborative innovation, strengthen the industry common key technology research and development and promotion and application, for the alliance member enterprises to provide order-based research and development services.
In recent years, the new marine biological products industry technology innovation alliance, marine materials industry technology innovation alliance, etc. in promoting the deep integration of industry, research and development, accelerate the efficient transformation of marine scientific and technological achievements, and promote the continuous optimization of various innovative elements of the combination has achieved good results.
, establish a national marine data sharing platform and strengthen international ocean science and technology exchanges and cooperation.
it is necessary to integrate decentralized marine scientific data into a unified platform to form a national marine data sharing platform.
this practice not only avoids duplication of investigation and research, saves platform construction and operation funds, but also facilitates more convenient access to information data and gives full play to the role and effectiveness of information resources.
, pay attention to the development of vocational education, improve the quality of skilled personnel.
It is necessary for China to build a number of sea-related demonstration vocational schools, high-level training bases and vocational education groups, while encouraging domestic enterprises involved in the sea, especially marine high-tech enterprises combined with industry development requirements and talent demand characteristics, select some key sea-related colleges and universities to cooperate, adopt "order-type" training and other joint models of production and learning, focus on training the marine strategic emerging industries need engineering technology, scientific and technological services and industrialization personnel, in order to implement innovation-driven development strategy to provide a strong high-skilled personnel support.
8, 2014, the European Commission launched the Blue Economic Innovation Program.
This fully demonstrates the EU's emphasis on marine science and technology innovation, and hopes that marine science and technology and the economy will further integrate and develop, focusing on three aspects to promote the implementation of the plan: First, the integration of marine data, the mapping of the European seabed.
The European Commission has decided to develop a multi-resolution map of europe's oceans, including the seabed and covered waters, by 2020, while actively promoting data integration to ensure that data is accessible, interoperable and free to use.
The Plan anticipates that these actions will not only increase economic benefits by more than 1 billion euros per year, but will also contribute to the implementation of the EU Strategic Framework Directive on the Oceans, while significantly reducing management risks and uncertainties in the public and private sectors involved in the sea.
is to enhance international cooperation and establish an information sharing platform.
support of Horizon 2020, with the establishment of the Canada-EU-US Atlantic Ocean Research Alliance, the breadth and depth of international cooperation in the field of marine science and technology in the EU will continue to strengthen.
in order to make new research opportunities widely available and to enhance synergies between state-funded research activities and Horizon 2020, the European Commission will also establish and improve existing information systems.
this basis, an information-sharing platform will be established to provide information for horizon 2020 research-funded projects and member-funded marine research projects to facilitate the sharing of research results.
is to carry out skills training to improve the technical level of practitioners.
lack of scientists, engineers and workers skilled in the application of new marine technologies is one of the bottlenecks affecting the EU's blue economy.
The Marie Currie Action Plan aims to strengthen research in Europe, both quantitatively and quantitatively, by encouraging more people to pursue research careers, encouraging European researchers to stay in Europe, and attracting researchers from all over the world to work in Europe.
the EU intends to encourage marine-related industry practitioners to actively carry out research and strengthen the transformation of research results through education and training, the establishment of innovative projects and business incubators.
(Liu Wei Liu Rongzi Unit: Institute of Marine Development Strategy, State Oceanic Administration) Source: Guangming Daily.