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Chinese scientists reveal "hidden" mutations in the rice genome |
Recently, Cell released the title "Pan-genomic analysis revealed based on 33 rice genetic diversity materials" completed by Li Shigui , professor of Rice Research Institute of Sichuan Agricultural University and Qin Peng team and Liang Chengzhi, researcher of Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology of Chinese Academy of Sciences .
The research paper on "Hidden "Genome Variation" was evaluated by Cell reviewers as a "classic work of pan-genomics research"
.
The team selected 33 highly representative rice materials and used the latest third-generation gene sequencing technology to perform long-segment sequencing, high-quality genome assembly and gene annotation on 31 of these materials
.
Combining the reported reference genomes of Nipponbare and Shuhui 498 materials, after systematic comparative analysis, a total of 171,072 structural variants and 22,549 gene copy number variants were identified
These genomic variants cannot be identified by traditional methods, and most of them have not been found in previous studies, but they play an important role in the regulation of important agronomic traits
.
For example, an early maturity site ( qDTH7-3 ) in the famous Japanese high-quality rice variety "Koshihikari" may have two copies of the OsMADS18 gene in "Koshihikari", resulting in an increase in expression and an early maturity phenotype
qDTH7-3 OsMADS18
Revealing the direction of these structural variations is also important for understanding the genetic basis of rice evolution and domestication
.
For example, some studies believe that the deletion of two genes related to the synthesis of the plant hormone "strigolactone" in the indica rice population was artificially selected
Li Shigui said that by opening the door to structural variation research and advancing the high-quality pan-genome research of rice, this research will study the evolution and domestication of rice and other crops, genome research, precise evaluation of germplasm resources, excavation of excellent genes, and gene function analysis.
Such research has laid a solid foundation, which will help improve the research level of rice functional genomics and molecular design breeding, and provide basic support for the breeding of new high-yield, high-quality, green and safe rice varieties
.
Next, the team will apply the research results to applied basic research and breeding work, and strive to cultivate more rice varieties with high yield, good quality, and strong resistance, and strive to solve the "stuck neck" problem, and always keep the Chinese people's rice bowls.
The research was supported by the National Key Research and Development Program, the Natural Science Foundation of China's Major Research Program Integration Project, the Chinese Academy of Sciences Pilot Program, and the Sichuan Agricultural University Double Branch Program
.
(Source: China Science News Zhang Qingdan)Chinese Academy of Sciences
Related paper information: https://doi.
https://doi.
org/10.
1016/j.
cell.
2021.
04.
046