Classification and principle of HVAC systems

HVAC is an air conditioner
with heating, ventilation and air conditioning functions.
Since the main functions of HVAC include: heating, ventilation and air conditioning of these three aspects, that is, HVAC
.
PATEO Xiaobian takes you to understand the
classification and principles of HVAC systems.
First, the basic composition of the HVAC system 1, heating system heating system mainly includes hot water heating and steam heating
.
Hot water heating is more popular in buildings, and hot water heating uses hot water and secondary heat exchangers to maintain indoor temperature
.
The basic components of the system include: boiler, circulation pump, secondary heat exchanger, piping system and indoor end
.
2.
Ventilation refers to the process
of sending fresh air in indoor space and eliminating waste air.
The main purpose of ventilation is to ensure indoor air quality, and proper ventilation can also reduce the temperature
of indoor spaces.
Ventilation includes both natural ventilation and mechanical ventilation
.
3, air conditioning system air conditioning system is composed of a variety of components, in the artificial control of the air conditioning of the building interior of the air to achieve the required conditions of the equipment combination
.
Its basic function is to treat the air fed into the building to a certain state to eliminate the waste heat and residual moisture in the room, so that the temperature and humidity are kept within the acceptable range
of the human body.
Second, HVAC according to the purpose of use classification 1, comfort air conditioning: the temperature is required, the environment is comfortable, the temperature and humidity regulation accuracy is not strictly required, for housing, offices, theaters, shopping malls, stadiums, automobiles, ships, aircraft, etc
.
2, process air conditioning: there are certain requirements for temperature and humidity regulation accuracy, and the cleanliness of the air should also have higher requirements
.
Used in electronic device production workshop, precision instrument production workshop, computer room, biological laboratory, etc
.
Third, according to the equipment layout classification 1, centralized (central) air conditioning: air treatment equipment is concentrated in the central air conditioning room, the treated air is sent to the air conditioning system
of each room through the air duct.
Suitable for large area, room concentration, each room heat and humidity load is relatively close to the place selection, such as shopping malls, supermarkets, restaurants, ships, factories and so on
.
The system maintenance management is convenient, and the sound and vibration isolation of the equipment are relatively easy to solve, but the energy consumption of fans and pumps in the transmission and distribution system of the centralized air conditioning system is higher
.
2, semi-centralized air conditioning: both central air conditioning and air conditioning system
with terminal device for air treatment.
This system is more complex and can achieve high adjustment accuracy
.
Suitable for hotels, hotels, office buildings and other civil buildings with independent adjustment requirements, the energy consumption of semi-centralized air conditioning transmission and distribution systems is usually lower than that of centralized air conditioning systems
.
Common semi-centralized air conditioning systems are fan coil systems and induced air conditioning systems
.
3, local air conditioning: each room has its own equipment to deal with air conditioning
.
The air conditioner can be installed directly in the room or in a neighboring room to treat the air
in situ.
It is suitable for small
area, room dispersion, and large difference between heat and humidity load.