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1.
Overview of pesticides
Pesticides have played an extremely important role in preventing and controlling crop diseases, pests and weeds, increasing the yield of agricultural products, and ensuring the supply of agricultural products
.
In a broad sense, pesticides refer to the prevention and control of diseases, insects, grasses, rodents and other harmful organisms that harm agriculture and forestry.
And chemically synthesized substances that purposefully regulate the growth of plants and insects, or a substance or a mixture of several substances derived from biological or other natural substances and their preparations
.
Pesticides in a narrow sense refer to a class of drugs used in agricultural production to protect and promote the growth of plants and crops, which are used to kill insects, sterilize, and kill harmful animals (or weeds).
pest control agents and plant growth regulating, herbicidal or the like
.
There are many types of pesticides.
As of the end of 2015, 34,315 pesticide products were registered nationwide, involving 2,232 companies, and a total of 661 pesticide active ingredients; 33 highly toxic pesticides have been banned
.
During the "13th Five-Year Plan" period, China supports the development of new pesticide products that are efficient, safe, economical and environmentally friendly, and accelerates the replacement and elimination of high-polluting and high-risk products
.
Focus on the development of insecticides and nematicides against frequent pests, refractory pests, underground pests, and foreign invasive pests, herbicides that adapt to changes in farming systems and farming technology, and new fungicides and virus inhibitors for fruit trees and vegetables.
2.
Classification of pesticides
(1) Classification according to the chemical composition of pesticides
1.
Organic pesticides Organic pesticides include natural organic pesticides and synthetic pesticides
.
(1) Natural organic pesticides
.
Natural organic pesticides come from organic matter in the natural world.
(2) Synthetic pesticides
.
That is, synthetic chemical pesticides have many types and complex structures, and most of them belong to polymer compounds; most of them are neutral in pH, and most of them are easy to decompose under strong alkali or strong acid conditions; some are suitable for ready-to-use or mixed use
Organic insecticides: organophosphorus, organochlorine, carbamates, pyrethroids, and other insecticides specific
.
Organic acaricides: specific tin-containing organic acaricides and tin-free organic acaricides
.
Organic fungicides: dithiocarbamates, benzimidazoles, dicarboximides , organic phosphorus, phenyl amides, sterol biosynthesis inhibitors
.
Organic herbicides: phenoxy acids, both triazine, substituted ureas, carbamates, amides, benzoic acids, diphenyl ethers, dinitroanilines , organic phosphorus-based, sulfonylurea class and so on
.
Plant growth regulators: There are auxins, gibberellins, cytokinins and the like
.
2.
Inorganic pesticides Inorganic pesticides are pesticides obtained from natural minerals
.
Inorganic pesticides from natural, soluble good environment, the general people of low toxicity, is a strong proponent of the use of pesticides such as lime sulfur, sulfur powder, such as Bordeaux mixture
3.
Biological pesticides are highly specific.
When using biological pesticides, live bacteria pesticides should not be mixed with fungicides and pesticides containing heavy metals, and try to avoid spraying them in strong sunlight
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