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    Home > Active Ingredient News > Antitumor Therapy > Climbing to the top of JCO again, KEYNOTE-024 sets a benchmark for domestic PD-1 inhibitors

    Climbing to the top of JCO again, KEYNOTE-024 sets a benchmark for domestic PD-1 inhibitors

    • Last Update: 2021-10-21
    • Source: Internet
    • Author: User
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    Foreword In July 2021, the American Journal of Clinical Oncology (JCO) published the complete study results of KEYNOTE-024.
    For PD-L1 highly expressed driver gene-negative advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), pembrolizumab The median overall survival (OS) of the first-line treatment of drugs and chemotherapy was 26.
    3 months and 13.
    4 months (HR=0.
    62; 95% CI: 0.
    48 ~ 0.
    81), and the 5-year survival rates were 31.
    9% and 16.
    3%, respectively [1 ]
    .

    The much-anticipated KEYNOTE-024 study has thus come to a perfect ending
    .

    Figure 1 The five-year follow-up data of the KEYNOTE-024 study published in the JCO magazine The KEYNOTE-024 study broke the driver gene treatment pattern for advanced NSCLC and became a new milestone in the history of lung cancer treatment.
    At the 2016 European Society of Medical Oncology (ESMO) annual meeting, the KEYNOTE-024 study The research results were announced for the first time and caused a huge sensation
    .

    Based on the results of this study, the U.
    S.
    Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has accelerated the approval of the first-line treatment of pembrolizumab as a single agent for the treatment of metastatic NSCLC with high PD-L1 expression (TPS≥50%) and negative EGFR\ALK mutations.
    , The driving pattern of gene-negative NSCLC treatment has undergone a disruptive change
    .

    In November of the same year, the KEYNOTE-024 study was published in the New England Journal of Medicine (NEJM) [2]
    .

    "The KEYNOTE-024 study was first discovered in advanced NSCLC with driver genes.
    Using PD-L1 as a simple indicator to select people with PD-L1 TPS≥50% for immunotherapy, it can defeat the past standard platinum-containing chemotherapy
    .

    "Professor Zhou Qing, deputy director of the Guangdong Lung Cancer Research Institute, said in an interview with reporters a few days ago, "Targeted therapy has changed the treatment pattern of driver gene-positive advanced NSCLC, and the KEYNOTE-024 study disrupted the previous use of chemotherapy for driver gene advanced NSCLC.
    The main treatment pattern is a landmark study in the history of lung cancer treatment
    .

    "KEYNOTE-024 has been continuously favored by the world’s top medical journals due to its excellent OS data and good safety.
    In 2019, JCO published the 25.
    2-month OS results of the KEYNOTE-024 study.
    The data showed that the pembrolizumab group was in the middle The OS was 30.
    0 months, the chemotherapy group was 14.
    2 months (HR=0.
    63; 95% CI: 0.
    47-0.
    86).
    The incidence of grade 3 to 5 adverse events in the pembrolizumab and chemotherapy groups was 31.
    2% and 53.
    3%, respectively [3]
    .

    2019 World Conference on lung cancer (WCLC) on, KEYNOTE-024 study published three years follow-up
    .

    Pabo Li natalizumab group and chemotherapy group OS were 26.
    3 and 14.
    2 months, 3-year survival rates were 43.
    7% And 24.
    9%[4]
    .

    Regarding the reasons why the KEYNOTE-024 study has been continuously favored by the world’s top medical journals and international conferences continue to pay attention, Professor Zhou Qing said: “The ultimate goal of tumor treatment is to enable patients to achieve longer and better survival
    .

    After pembrolizumab defeated chemotherapy for the first time and brought about a change in the treatment pattern of lung cancer, people are very much looking forward to seeing the longer-term impact of immunotherapy
    .

    As a top magazine recognized by the industry, JCO has paid continuous attention to the OS results of KEYNOTE-024 research
    .

    In addition, KEYNOTE-024 keeps updating data at major international academic conferences such as the American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO) Annual Meeting, WCLC, and ESMO Annual Meeting
    .

    In the future, the KEYNOTE-024 study may report longer survival data, and it is expected that it will bring us even greater surprises
    .

    "Let more patients achieve long-term survival is the last word.
    Long-term survival rate has become the most important indicator for evaluating the efficacy of tumor treatment.
    The KEYNOTE-001 study is the earliest large-scale phase I study in the KEYNOTE series and the starting point of the KEYNOTE series of studies
    .
    In
    2019, JCO published the 5-year survival rate of the KEYNOTE-001 study.
    The 5-year survival rate of the total population of newly-treated patients was 23.
    2%, and the 5-year survival rate of the newly-treated patients with PD-L1 TPS ≥50% reached 29.
    6% [5], and The 5-year survival rate of 31.
    9% in the KEYNOTE-024 study can be described as complementary
    .

    JCO's continued attention on the 5-year survival rate in the KEYNOTE-001 study and the KEYNOTE-001-024 study indicates that the long-term survival rate will become the most important indicator for evaluating the efficacy of tumor treatment.

    .

    in this regard, Professor Zhou Qing said: "when a new treatment modalities birth, certainly in the short term to see efficient in the long run it will return to the root of anti-cancer treatment, it is hoped that patients can survive long-term
    .

    If a study can achieve an impressive 5-year survival rate, it will definitely be favored by top international magazines
    .

    "In the KEYNOTE-024 study, first-line monotherapy with pembrolizumab allowed approximately one-third of patients to survive for more than 5 years, which means that we are one step closer to making lung cancer a chronic disease, and we look forward to more Many patients have long-term survival opportunities from first-line immunotherapy
    .

    Single or combined? The KEYNOTE-024 study makes it possible to "de-chemotherapy".
    The KEYNOTE-001 and KEYNOTE-024 studies confirm that pembrolizumab single-agent first-line treatment can be given to patients It brings long-term survival benefits and provides an important basis for clinicians to choose first-line immune single-drug treatment
    .

    Through PD-L1 expression detection, patients who are suitable for "de-chemotherapy" can be screened, so that some patients can not only achieve long-term survival, but also enjoy a better quality of life brought by "de-chemotherapy"
    .

    The KEYNOTE-189 study showed that the three-year survival rate of pembrolizumab combined with chemotherapy in the first-line treatment of PD-L1 TPS≥50% advanced non-squamous NSCLC was 43.
    7% (30.
    0% in the chemotherapy group) [6], compared with the third of KEYNOTE-024 The annual follow-up data are highly similar
    .

    Immunization combined with chemotherapy is more effective in the near term than immunotherapy alone, but the recent improvement in effective rate did not bring about an improvement in the 3-year survival rate, indicating that the contribution of chemotherapy is mainly in the short-term curative effect, while immunotherapy can really prolong the survival curve.
    Made more contributions
    .

    "The KEYNOTE-024 study not only changed the standard first-line treatment of lung cancer at that time, but also continued to change the long-term treatment pattern of lung cancer
    .

    Before the KEYNOTE-024 study, the driver gene-negative advanced NSCLC was based on chemotherapy.
    , And today has become the addition and subtraction on the basis of immunotherapy.
    This is the most important change that the KEYNOTE-024 study has brought to the treatment of lung cancer
    .

    "Professor Zhou Qing said
    .

    Summary From the stunning appearance of ESMO in 2016 to the successful conclusion of JCO this year, KEYNOTE-024 has become a classic research on tumor immunotherapy
    .

    The KEYNOTE-024 study has completely changed the chemotherapy-based treatment pattern for driving gene-negative advanced NSCLC, and with a 5-year survival rate of 31.
    9%, the long-term survival benefits of first-line immune monotherapy are deeply rooted in the hearts of the people, making it possible to "de-chemotherapy"
    .

    As a landmark study in the history of lung cancer treatment, KEYNOTE-024 has set a benchmark for domestic PD-1 inhibitor research, making long-term survival rate the most important indicator for evaluating the efficacy of anti-tumor treatment
    .

    It is expected that under the guidance of the KEYNOTE-024 research, more immunotherapy research will bring longer and better survival for cancer patients in the future
    .

    Expert profile Professor Qing Zhou, Professor of Oncology, PhD supervisor, Dean of Huifu Branch, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital, Deputy Director, Guangdong Lung Cancer Institute, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital, Deputy Director, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Translational Lung Cancer, Lung Cancer Center, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital Director of the three departments International Affairs Committee of the International Association of Lung Cancer (IASLC) Member of the International Affairs Committee of the Chinese Society of Clinical Oncology (CSCO) Deputy Secretary General of Guangdong Association of Clinical Trials (GACT)/Chinese Thoracic Tumor Research Collaborative Group (CTONG) Vice President and Secretary-General, Vice Chairman of the First International Medical Exchange Branch of the Chinese Anti-Cancer Association Member reference [1] Reck M, Rodríguez-Abreu D, Robinson AG, et al.
    Five-Year Outcomes With Pembrolizumab Versus Chemotherapy for Metastatic Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer With PD-L1 Tumor Proportion Score ≥ 50[J].
    J Clin Oncol.
    2021;39(21):2339-2349.
    [2] Martin Reck, Delvys Rodríguez-Abreu, Andrew G.
    Robinson, et al.
    Pembrolizumab versus Chemotherapy for PD-L1–Positive Non–Small-Cell Lung Cancer [J].
    N Engl J Med.
    2016;375(19):1823-1833.
    [3] Martin Reck, Delvys Rodríguez-Abreu, Andrew G.
    Robinson, et al.
    Updated Analysis of KEYNOTE-024:Pembrolizumab Versus Platinum-Based Chemotherapy for Advanced Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer With PD-L1 Tumor Proportion Score of 50% or Greater[J].
    J Clin Oncol.
    2019;37(7):537-546.
    [4] https ://wclc2019.
    iaslc.
    org[5] Edward B.
    Garon,Matthew D.
    Hellmann, Naiyer A.
    Rizvi, et al.
    Five-Year Overall Survival for Patients With Advanced Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer Treated With Pembrolizumab: Results From the Phase I KEYNOTE-001 Study[J].
    J Clin Oncol 37:2518-2527.
    [6] Pembrolizumab + Pemetrexed-Platinum vs Pemetrexed-Platinum for Metastatic NSCLC: 4-Year Follow-up From KEYNOTE-189.
    2020WCLC.
    FP13.
    02.
    Five-Year Overall Survival for Patients With Advanced Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer Treated With Pembrolizumab: Results From the Phase I KEYNOTE-001 Study[J].
    J Clin Oncol 37:2518-2527.
    [6] Pembrolizumab + Pemetrexed-Platinum vs Pemetrexed-Platinum for Metastatic NSCLC: 4-Year Follow-up From KEYNOTE-189.
    2020WCLC.
    FP13.
    02.
    Five-Year Overall Survival for Patients With Advanced Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer Treated With Pembrolizumab: Results From the Phase I KEYNOTE-001 Study[J].
    J Clin Oncol 37:2518-2527.
    [6] Pembrolizumab + Pemetrexed-Platinum vs Pemetrexed-Platinum for Metastatic NSCLC: 4-Year Follow-up From KEYNOTE-189.
    2020WCLC.
    FP13.
    02.
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