Collection: June 4, 2020 Blood Research Picks

Hematopoietic cell transplantation treatment Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome is a prognostic Aldrich syndrome (WAS) is an X-chromosome chain disease caused by mutations in the WAS gene that can lead to platelet reduction, eczema, recurrent infections, autoimmune diseases, and malignant tumorsHematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) is the main treatmentResearchers recently examined the prognosis of 129 WAS patients treated with HCT from 2005 to 2015The median age for HCT is 1.2 yearsMost patients (65%) had a marrow removalMedian follow-up 4.5 years, 5-year overall survival rate (OS) of 91%The 5-year OS for HCT under age of 5 is significantly better than in patients who perform HCT at age 5 (94% vs 66%)The OS is better (90%) for umbilical cord blood donor transplants and the regulatory intensity does not affect the OS, but is associated with HCT post-donor T-cells and myelin cell transplantationIn particular, patients receiving a low-intensity treatment based on fluodabin/mefalon were more likely to have donor bone marrow chiffon early after HCTIn addition, the recipient of a low proportion (5-49%) myelin cell transplant was more likely to have a full (-95%) The platelet count of the receptors for myelin transplantation is higherFcRn amplifies the tissue factor-induced thromboembolism of the IgG immune complex, which complicates diseases caused by the immune complex (IC) containing IgG, but its underlying mechanism is not fully understoodPrevious studies have shown that the key step in IC-induced coagulation initiation, localization, and propagation -- mononucleocellular tissue factor (TF) is mediated by Fcs receptor IIa (Fc-RIIa), but the involvement of other receptors has not been studied in detailNewborn Fc receptors (FcRn) that mediate IgG and albumin cycles are also involved in the cellular response to IcCs containing IgGRecently, researchers examined the role of FcRn in TF-dependent Xa factor activity inductionIgG antibodies containing antiplatelet factor F (PF4), associated with hemoglobin-induced platelet reduction (HIT), b-2-glycoprotein -1 (associated with anti-phospholipid antibody syndrome (APS) or anti-alpha-Rh (D) antibodies of red blood cells (intra-conductor hemolytic) ICs-induced Xa-induced monoclonal antibody IgG ICs combined with FcR and FcRn induce Xa factor activity, while Fc's modified IgG-ICs cannot bind to FcRn or induce Xa factor activityIn the HIT genetically modified mouse model that expresses human FcgRIIa, injection of alpha-FcRn MoAb prevents fibrin deposition after microvascular damage Small nucleus RNA , SNORD42A , which is critical to the growth and survival of leukemia cells , non-coding RNAs including small kernel RNAs ( snoRNAs ) , plays an important role in the process of leukemia , but its related mechanisms are still not fully clear The researchers performed crispR-CAS9 knockout library screening focused on snoRNA, a method that targets all snoRNAnome and its main gene The study found that SNORD42A containing C/D boxes is a vital regulatory factor for the presence and proliferation of AML cells in multiple human leukemia cell lines In cell lines, SNORD42A is continuously expressed in primary AML patient samples, with higher levels of expression than CD34-progenitor cells, mononucleosis, and granulocytes Functionally, the absence of SNORD42A can reduce the capacity of the colony formation and inhibit proliferation SNORD42A acts as a C/D box snp RNA, guiding 18S rRNA on 116 bird sidesides on 2'-O-methylation Knocking out SNORD42A weakens 18S-U116 2'-O-methylation, which is associated with reduced specificity of ribosome protein translation In cell lines, the volume of the missing leukemia cells in SNORD42A shrinks 4 The extreme destruction of heterogeneous chromatin accelerates the aging of the hematopoietic system Andych loss has been considered a universal mechanism of aging of different species and different types of cells However, the comprehensive analysis of the changes in hematopoietic system caused by the loss of heterogeneous chromatin has yet to be studied In addition, the role of Suv39h1, the main heterocogenous chromatin methyl transferase, which has been reported in previous studies, is controversial Recent studies have found that the individual deletions of Suv39h1 and Suv39h2 have no effect on the function of hematopoietic stem cells, lymphocytes and myelin cells However, the simultaneous absence of both enzymes can lead to characteristic changes associated with aging, such as decreased function of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs), degeneration of the thymus and reduced lymphocyte output The decrease in lymphocyte output is manifested in the tendency to develop in the bone marrow, the reduction of initial T cells, and the increase of memory T cells These cell changes are accompanied by molecular changes consistent with the characteristics of aging, including changes in nuclear shape and larger nucleosomes Source: MedSci Original