Collection: Selected BMJ Research On April 4, 2020

opioid receptor agonist therapy can reduce the risk of death in patients with abuse
doi:recently researchers examined the effects of opioid receptor agonists (OAT) on death risk in patients with fentanyl or other potent opioid drug abusethis study is a population-based retrospective cohort study that examined the treatment of 55,347 patients with opioid use disorders between 1 January 1996 and September 30, 2018, and examined theof all-cause and all-cause-specific mortality rates (
-
years per1000population) to determine the absolute risk of mortality, and the risk of all-age and gender-standardized mortalityThe risk of mortality is calculated based on the status of treatment (usingOAT, not usingOAT), the time of start and stop treatment (
1, 2 , 3-4 , 5-12 , 12 weeks) and the drug type (methadone, butylpropyl /
naloxone) of the 55,347 treated, 70.3 (12.7% ) died in follow-up follow-up The total cause of standardized mortality the OAT group (
4.6 ) was significantly lower than that of the non-
OAT group (
9.7% ) In areas with high rates of fentanyl abuse, patients who did not receive OAT had a relative risk of death at 2.1 times as as those treated with OAT , and increased to 3.4 at the end of the study period, with a increase of 65% relative clinical characteristics of 2113 new coronary pneumonia deaths doi: researchers recently described the clinical characteristics of patients with coronavirus 2019 (Covid-19) death
research carried out at Tongji Hospital in Wuhan, China, as of February 28, 2020, of which 113 cases of death, 161 cases were cured and discharged from the hospital, from electronic medical records The study found that the age of death was significantly higher than that of cured patients (68 vs 51 years), and that male patients had a higher risk of death, with 83 deaths in men, accounting for 73%, and 88 cases of male cures, accounting for 55% Among the patients who died, the most common co-diseases were hypertension and other cardiovascular diseases, of which 54 (48%) were in patients with hypertension, 16 (14%) of other cardiovascular diseases, while 39 (24%) of other cardiovascular diseases were treated in curepatients (4%) The most common symptoms of death included breathing difficulties (70 cases, 62%), chest tightness (55 cases, 49%) and consciousness disorders (25 cases, 22%), while only 50 (31%), 48 (30%) and 1 (1%) were treated in cured patients The average symptom occurs until the patient dies by 16 days Fifty-six patients (50%) showed an increase in white blood cells, compared with only 6 (4%) in cured patients, and 103 (91%) and 76 (47%) of lymphocyte reduction symptoms in those who died and cured Among the deaths, the concentrations of alanine amino metase, tindone transaminase, creatine kinase, lactic acid dehydrogenase, troponin I, N-end prefrontal sodium peptides and d-dipolymers were significantly higher than those treated Common complications in patients with death include acute respiratory distress syndrome (113 cases, 100%), type I respiratory failure (18 cases, 51%), sepsis (113 cases, 100%), acute heart injury (72 cases, 77%), heart Failure (41 cases, 49%), alkali poisoning (14 cases, 40%), hyperkalemia (42 cases, 37%), acute kidney injury (28 cases, 25%) and hypoxic encephalopathy (23 cases, 20%) Patients with cardiovascular co-patients have a higher risk of cardiovascular complications, but acute heart injury and heart failure are more common in patients with death regardless of cardiovascular history the effects of dietary patterns on weight and cardiovascular risk in obese populations doi: researchers recently looked at the effects of dietary nutrition patterns on weight loss and improved cardiovascular risk factors in overweight or obese adults the study was a systematic review and meta-analysis, collecting data from September 2018, with 121 eligible trials, a total of 21,942 patients, and examining 14 popular diets and 3 controlled intervention diets Compared to the general diet, a low-carbohydrate and low-fat diet was effective at 6 months for weight loss (-4.63 vs -4.37 kg, medium evidence grade) and systolic pressure (-5.14 mm Hg vs -5.05 mm Hg, low evidence grade) and diastolic pressure (-3.21 vs -2.85 mm, low evidence grade) A moderately large, nutritious diet leads to weight loss and lower blood pressure Low carbohydrate (-1.01mg/dl, low evidence grade) diet smaller to reduce LDL cholesterol than low-fat diets (-7.08mg/dl, medium evidence) and medium-sized nutritious diets (-5.22mg/dl, medium evidence grade), but low carbohydrate diets can be medium-to-medium Increased HDL cholesterol levels (2.31 mg/dL, low evidence rating), while low fat (-1.88 mg/dL, increase grade medium) and moderate lysa--a medium-sized diet pattern had no significant effect on HDL cholesterol In popular diets, those with the greatest effects on weight loss and blood pressure over 6 months compared to regular diets were Atkins (weight: -5.5 kg, systolic pressure -5.1 mmHg, diastolic pressure -3.3 mmHg), DASH (-3.6 kg, -4.7 mmHg, -2.9 mmHg) and Zone -4.1 kg, -3.5 mm Mercury, 2mm Within 6 months, no diet significantly improved HDL cholesterol or C-reactive protein levels Overall, at 12 months, all dietary patterns improved for weight loss, while the benefits of all interventions to cardiovascular risk factors, except the Mediterranean diet, largely disappeared Source: MedSci Original