Common knowledge of coating: common methods of waterproof and water leakage maintenance

Core tip: the main reasons for building water leakage are: (1) the erosion of wind, frost, snow and rain, and the aging of waterproof materials (2) The cold and warm climate causes thermal expansion and contraction, which makes the waterproof layer bulge and crack (3) The building sinks and inclines, and the displacement produces cracks (4) Drilling holes in the decoration will cause great vibration and damage to the waterproof layer (5) There are holes and cracks in the wall (6) The upper and lower water pipes are broken or the joint is not good (7) The heavy objects placed on the waterproof layer are damaged (such as the billboard, signal receiver, pet breeding, iron sheet room where sundries are placed, etc.) (8) other reasons Paint agent, top 10 Chinese wall paint brands Recommended introduction: interior wall paint and exterior wall paint can achieve beautiful, clean and pleasant effects, but the effects in different environments are different, so the color of the paint will be different There are ten brands of Chinese paint, ten brands of global paint, ten brands of Chinese wall paint, and ten brands of Chinese paint, Famous trademark of Chinese paint and coating In private rooms, most of us choose according to our own personality, personal hobbies and living habits The younger generation will choose the interior wall paint with rich colors and bright colors, while the older ones will have some working experience Paint Home News: the main reasons for building water leakage: 1) the erosion of wind, frost, snow and rain, and the aging of waterproof materials (2) The cold and warm climate causes thermal expansion and contraction, which makes the waterproof layer bulge and crack (3) The building sinks and inclines, and the displacement produces cracks (4) Drilling holes in the decoration will cause great vibration and damage to the waterproof layer (5) There are holes and cracks in the wall (6) The upper and lower water pipes are broken or the joint is not good (7) The heavy objects placed on the waterproof layer are damaged (such as the billboard, signal receiver, pet breeding, iron sheet room where sundries are placed, etc.) (8) other reasons 1 Bubble of waterproof layer a for water leakage maintenance of coiled material roof: causes: (1) bubble caused by air in the interlayer when the waterproof material is not combined with the base layer; (2) bubble caused by moisture on the base layer surface and water evaporation expansion after heating Repair: (1) use tools to cut the bubble, exhaust the air, and make up the cut Repair (2) use tools to cut the bubble and exhaust air, and use blowtorch to dry the base course surface, and then repair the cut B waterproof layer cracking: cause: due to the temperature difference, the roof structure will expand and contract, and the temperature difference will make the concrete dry shrinkage deformation and cause cracking Repair: clean the cracks with tools, fill the cracks with waterproof sealing materials, and then repair with waterproof materials with good ductility C peeling of waterproof layer: causes: (1) poor quality of base course surface, peeling and sanding, and poor bonding between waterproof material and base course surface (2) The base course surface is wet Maintenance: (1) use tools to cut the waterproof layer, use cement mortar to make another layer, and use waterproof materials to bond firmly after the base layer is completed Maintenance (2) use tools to cut the waterproof layer, and use blowtorch to dry the base course before repairing D peeling off of waterproof layer: cause: insufficient width of lap joint, unclean surface of lap joint, dust or pollution, sand particles and sundries during construction, resulting in poor bonding and peeling off Repair: turn over the original joint with tools to remove dust and sundries, clean and dry with solvent, and re bond the same waterproof material with appropriate width E water accumulation in waterproof layer: causes: potholes formed due to poor slope, high water outlet, poor drainage, and blocked water pipes Repair: use waterproof mortar or polymer waterproof mortar to find the slope and level the potholes Dredge the falling water pipe Cut the water outlet too high and lower it, and make it waterproof again F damage of waterproof layer: cause: the waterproof material is aging, or broken by heavy objects, and punctured by sharp tools Maintenance: depending on the area, the broken area is small, and the same material is used to cover and bond the upper part The area of breaking and puncture is large or the waterproof material is aging Do it again with waterproof material G the parapet and gable crack and leak: cause: there is no gap between the structural layer and the parapet and gable When the structural layer is exposed to the sun, the expansion pushes the parapet and gable to produce cracks Maintenance: if the wall pushing has been stable and the crack width is not more than 50mm, it can be filled with soft waterproof sealing material, and the upper part shall be made of suitable waterproof material When the crack width is more than 50 mm, the parapet shall be removed, and the gable shall be redone, and the gap shall be reserved H gutter water leakage: causes: (1) there is a reverse slope phenomenon (the gutter mouth is higher than the gutter low surface) (2) the waterproof materials around the gutter mouth are not close to the base, and the sealing is not strict (3) Gutter is not well waterproof Maintenance (1) the slope shall be re graded with waterproof mortar, and if necessary, the water outlet shall be chiseled for treatment The water outlet must be 20 mm lower than the bottom of gutter to make waterproof layer with materials Maintenance: (2) use tools to cut and clean the water outlet The waterproof material shall be tightly sealed against the base layer Repair (3) make the gutter again with proper waterproof materials I cornice leakage: the reason is that the waterproof material at the cornice flashing is not well bonded with the base layer, and the end sealing at the cornice is not strict Repair: cut the waterproof material at the cornice with tools Use a blowtorch to remove the moisture in the base course, and use a steel brush to clean the base course The base course shall be firmly bonded with waterproof materials The end shall be sealed with waterproof sealing materials J block protection layer is arched and leaky: cause: there is no grid joint left in the block layer of large-area roof, and it is paved to the wall around Due to the temperature rise and expansion, the block is arched in the middle of the roof, especially in summer when the high temperature meets the rainstorm, and the expansion and contraction of the block layer are separated from the bonding layer Repair: remove the arched block, repair the water leakage, and make sure to leave the grid joint when redoing the protective layer 2 Water leakage maintenance of coated roof a: causes: (1) large deformation of the roof base structure, uneven settlement of the foundation, resulting in cracking of the waterproof layer; (2) insufficient thickness of the coating, such as exposed carcass, skin trend, etc (3) The joint part is not sealed tightly, and there is a phenomenon of opening and warping Repair (1) use tools to clean the cracks and fill them Use the glass silk cloth as the carcass to cover the cracks around, and apply the waterproof coating evenly (2) Increase the film thickness, cover the exposed carcass part, remove the skin trend part, and repair with paint (3) Use tools to remove the warped part, clean the base course surface with slit and warped part, and dry it Finally, paint carefully and tightly B poor adhesion: causes: (1) the base course surface is not smooth, with peeling and sanding (2) The base course surface is wet Repair (1) the uneven part of the base course surface shall be trowelled with waterproof mortar Steel wire brush shall be used to clean the base course surface for the part of peeling and sand lifting After the base course surface is cleaned, it shall be repaired with waterproof coating (2) Dry the base course, brush the base course with wire brush to increase the adhesion between the coating and the base course surface After the base course surface is treated, repair it with coating C damage of waterproof layer: cause: thin film, poor protection Repair: increase the thickness of the coating, increase the coating coverage for the slightly damaged parts, and repair with the coating For the seriously damaged parts, remove the waterproof layer of the damaged parts, expose the base course surface, clean and repair it, and after the base course surface is treated Then make the waterproof layer according to the waterproof requirements Protective layer materials shall be added on the waterproof layer, such as vermiculite powder, mica sheet, fine sand, etc 3 Rigid roof leakage maintenance a roof cracking leakage: causes: (1) structural cracks caused by structural deformation, uneven foundation settlement, etc (2) Cracks caused by thermal expansion and contraction (3) Cracks caused by cement shrinkage due to improper mix ratio design, uncompacted vibration during construction, poor compaction and polishing, early drying and dehydration, improper later maintenance Maintenance depends on the size of the cracking area Such as small area, large cracks, the application of elastic waterproof sealing materials to fill the cracks, and then do a good job in waterproof If the fracture area is large, it is relatively scattered First, fill the cracks with waterproof sealing material, and then redo with appropriate waterproof material B roof water leakage: causes: (1) the joint and division joint of various components are not cleaned up when sealing materials are filled, and the filling is not solid Repair tools shall be used to clean the grid joint of the joint, dry both sides of the joint with blowtorch, and refill with qualified sealing materials Reasons: (2) the joints or construction joints of parapet, gutter, outfall, stairwell, chimney and all kinds of protruding roofs are not filled tightly due to the joint cement mortar, resulting in water leakage Maintenance: use tools to tamp the joints of parapet, gutter, outfall, stairwell, chimney and various protruding roofs, and make a waterproof layer for these parts C the waterproof layer starts to shell and sand: cause: the quality of concrete waterproof layer is poor, there is no compaction, light collection and poor maintenance When the rigid roof is exposed to the sun and rain, carbonation will occur on the concrete surface over a long period of time Repair: use tools to smash and compact the shell and sand parts, use waterproof mortar to make another waterproof layer and pay attention to compaction and polishing The roof can be afforested or protected by heat insulation layer 4 Leakage maintenance of tile roof a leakage of glazed tile roof: cause: the base course surface is not waterproof or waterproof The quality of glazed tile is poor and the construction technology is improper Maintenance: the key to ensure that the roof does not leak is to make the base waterproof After the roof tiles are removed and the base course surface is swept clean, the cement mortar (25-30mm thick) is used to level the layer and compacted and troweled Expansion joints are set at the end of each sandalwood strip, with a width of 20mm, and the expansion joints are blocked with waterproof flexible sealing materials After the cement mortar of the leveling layer is solidified, the waterproof coating shall be applied on the leveling layer once as the waterproof layer After the waterproof layer is completed, it can be checked by means of water spraying The waterproof layer must be drained smoothly without ponding or leakage, and there shall be no flaking Before tile laying During tile laying, the operator must be familiar with the process of tile laying, check the base course, test the water, divide the medium ridge, row the tiles, do the ridge trimming, vertical ridge, fork ridge adjustment, side long paving, bottom tile paving, cylinder tile covering and tile jointing We also need to know clearly the location and use of various kinds of ridge tiles, kissing animals, mountain surface, Bo Feng, cornice tiles, bottom tiles, tube tiles, etc Lay to each position according to the specified process Finally, hook and wipe the tile joint Clean the tile ridge, use the waterproof filler mixed with the same color or similar color of the covering tile to mark the tile joint, the upper opening shall be flat with the outer edge of the tile, and the lower part shall be vertical to the upper opening Wipe the tile surface in time to prevent the mortar from polluting the oil surface, affecting the beauty and cleanliness 5 Water leakage maintenance of toilets and bathrooms; A water leakage of open structure toilets and bathrooms; B water leakage of buried structure toilets and bathrooms A water leakage in toilets and bathrooms of open structure: (1) causes of water leakage at the pipe root: there is a crack in the pipe, and there is a gap at the pipe root Repair and replace the pipes with cracks, use tools to chisel the grooves around the pipe root to the original waterproof layer, find the damaged parts and fill the grooves with waterproof sealing materials, use waterproof mortar to make the height of the pipe root, 2 cm higher than the surrounding ground, and use waterproof paint to brush the pipe root once (2) The wall is wet: the pipe set in the wall leaks Other parts leak to the wall Repair: use tools to repair the leaking pipes in the wall Put the repaired pipe back to its original place, seal it with waterproof materials, and restore the original appearance outside Find out the cause of water leakage in other parts and repair it with appropriate waterproof materials (3) Ground