Common varieties and materials of peony

The species of peony in China has a long history of cultivation There are about 462 cultivars, including 166 old ones and 296 new ones, which are divided into three categories, eleven types and eight colors, as follows: 1 The old ones are Erqiao, zhaofen, heikui, Luoyang red, pomegranate red, Pu Mozi, Xiangfei, tongzimian, Weizi, etc New varieties are: Ruby, Chaoyang red, qingxinbai, Zuoyu, yingrihong, fanzhongguan, Tiannvsanhua, Shanhua brilliant, etc 2、 Flower types are divided into: 3 Color, white, yellow, pink, red, purple, black, green and blue There are more than 30 species of Paeonia in the world, including 5-6 species of small shrubs, all of which are produced in China Peony, Yellow Peony and purple (wild) peony are the original species of peony cultivars in China and all over the world The horticultural varieties of peony cultivation in China come from the original species of peony and its varieties, dwarf peony and purple spot peony, through natural selection and artificial cultivation 1 P suffruticosa var spontanea: it is produced in the area of Yan'an and Yichuan in the north of Shaanxi Province It is in the sparse forest or grass on the hillside with an altitude of 100-1600 meters 2 P suffruticosa var papavera CEA: mainly produced in Wutai and Taibai Mountain, the north slope of Qinling Mountains, Shaanxi Province In Gansu Province, it can be seen in Xiaolongshan forest area of Tianshui, Chengxian, Kangxian, Wudu, Zhouqu and other county forest areas In this area, Paeonia suffruticosa grows under the sparse forest or in the Bush at the edge of the forest at an altitude of 1100-2800 meters In Luanchuan County, Henan Province, Longyu Bay, Funiu Mountain area, 1300 meters above sea level, there are also sparse forests Others, such as Sichuan Peony (P.szechuanica), are wild in the area of malkang and Jinchuan in Northwest Sichuan, with an altitude of 2400-3100 meters Paeonia suffruticosa is distributed in the northwest of Yunnan, southwest of Sichuan and southeast of Tibet It grows in 2300-3700 meters high mountain grass P delavayi var angustifolia, a variety of P delavayi var angustifolia, is distributed in the mountain jungle of Western Sichuan, with an altitude of 2800-3700 meters Huangmudan is mainly distributed in Kunming, Deqin, Dali, Zhongdian, Sichuan and Southeast Tibet P lutea var ludlowii is distributed in the southeast of Tibet, with an altitude of 2700-3300 meters Chinese name of peony: Peony English Name: tree payony, peony, Moutan Scientific name: Paeonia suffruticosa Alias: natural fragrance, rich and precious flowers, Atractylodes macrocephala, paeony, hundred Liang gold, king of flowers, Luoyang flower, Tang flower, leek, rat Gu, etc Family: Ranunculaceae, Paeonia Horticultural classification: deciduous shrub Origin: Northwest China and Bhutan Season: early summer Flowering: generally from April to May Fruit period: some basic peony data are available from August to September The data of each variety will be different Please refer to the introduction of each variety of peony For horticultural purposes, peony can be cultivated in the open or potted fields such as flower beds; it can be planted in a separate peony garden, which is an excellent garden plant; it can also be cut flowers, which has a high ornamental value The medicinal value of peony is not only a traditional ornamental flower, but also a treasure The cortex at the root of peony is a famous "Danpi" in traditional Chinese medicine, which has the functions of clearing away heat, promoting blood circulation, regulating meridians and dispersing blood stasis Taking it for a long time can prolong life, treat hypertension, dispersing stasis and other diseases Its petals are edible, the whole flower can regulate meridians and activating blood circulation, and it is mainly used to treat women's menstrual disharmony and abdominal pain The petals and pollens contain a variety of amino acids, vitamins, sugars, enzymes and microelements It can be used as health food and drink, fragrant oil extracted from flowers can be used as both edible and cosmetic raw materials, and leaves can be used as dyes Ecological habits like cool, dry, avoid hot, humid environment, suitable for spring dry, less rain, summer rain cool climate, has a certain degree of cold resistance Peony likes sunshine, but is afraid of heat, so avoid direct sunlight exposure Like loose, fertile, well drained loam or sandy loam, avoid heavy soil or low-lying water The former used "Spring Branch, autumn root, summer nap, winter dormancy" to summarize the relationship between the growth and development of peony and climate Note: peony was previously designated as the national flower of China, but it was not finally selected Among many candidate flowers such as peony, plum blossom, orchid, bamboo and chrysanthemum, there is a great controversy about who is the most suitable one for Chinese national flower Maybe this is the main reason why China has not made clear the attribution of national flower so far.