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Scientists have developed a new technique to "spy" on how common disease-causing bacteria spread in the environment after coughing and sneezing, and the results are clearly not encouraging.
, the correct sneezing practice should be shown below.
team found that some copper-green monocytosis (P. Aeruginosa), also known as psepsis, had a half-life of 10 minutes after sneezing or coughing, but survived after 45 minutes.
study has been published in PLOS ONE.
Past studies have found that these pathogens, when they enter the air through coughing, spread up to four metres away and survive for more than 45 minutes," said Lidia Morawska, a researcher at the Queensland University of Technology (QUT).
wanted to find out how droplets that carry bacteria through sneezing or coughing spread so far away and still have the ability to infect others over a long period of time, " he said.
"copper-green monocytacteria is a common drug-resistant pathogen that occurs in hospitals, such as ventilator-associated pneumonia and sepsis.
the bacteria usually causes disease only in people who already have the disease or symptoms, especially cystic fibrosis.
although these species of bacteria have been well studied, we still don't fully understand how coughing or sneezing can spread infection, " he said.
Morawska said: "So far, most of the research in this field has focused on bio-aerosols or air-diffused droplets made in the laboratory, which are not the same composition as human respiratory droplets in terms of composition and generation mechanisms.
we have developed a new technology that targets the long and short life of human bioaerosols without being affected by the surrounding air. the
QUT team developed the technique, called tarDIS, which researchers can use to study how bacteria in droplets spread and survive coughing or sneezing and how long they can survive.
demonstrate this technique, we collected droplets from coughs from two people with cystic fibrosis and copper-green false monocytacteria infections," saidska, a former U.S. official.
cough droplets quickly dry out as soon as they touch the air, cooling them down, light enough to stay in the air.
these droplets also break down due to contact with oxygen, and larger droplets take longer to evaporate.
"most droplets break down to the extent that bacteria cannot survive inside them, and the process is very fast."
researchers found that most bacteria die when droplets dry out, or during a half-life period of 10 seconds, but still a small percentage of bacteria have a half-life of more than 10 minutes.
Morawska said: "This suggests that some copper-green monocytacteria are resistant to rapid biological decay and therefore can survive in indoor air for long periods of time, enough to cause infections, especially in people with respiratory diseases, such as cystic fibrosis."
researchers are not sure why this is the case, they suspect it may be related to where droplets are produced in the respiratory tract and the size of the droplets themselves.
think this may be due to the different locations in which droplets are produced in the respiratory tract and the amount of bacteria carried in the droplets is different," said Morawska, a member of the public's website.
droplets that carry bacteria take longer to evaporate, which allows them to better resist decay and thus survive longer in the air.
anyway, the study is very meaningful in controlling infections in hospitals and further demonstrates the need to cover your hands when sneezing and coughing, and then wash your hands!