COVID-19 Nasal Spray Vaccine: Prevention Better Than Myocardial Vaccine?

The main goal of the COVID-19 vaccine is to protect vaccinators from serious illness and death from infection with the new coronavirus.
more important goal is to prevent the spread of disease.
it's unclear whether most of the vaccine candidates under study will be able to do so.
some scientists believe the problem could be solved by vaccinating the nasal spray.
dr. Frances Lund, chair professor and chair of the Department of Microbiology at the University of Alabama at Birmingham School of Medicine, said most vaccines, including all vaccines currently undergoing clinical trials, are vaccinated with myocardial injections.
the upper arm triangular muscles are usually the area of the upper arm.
of myocardial injections often produces a strong immune response, so most vaccine development agencies focus on myocardial vaccinations.
, although muscle vaccination can produce a systemic immune response through the circulatory system, it does not produce a local response.
for respiratory viruses such as the neo-coronavirus, the infection usually begins in the nasal cavity or pharynx and takes root in the nasal cavity or pharynx before it begins to produce systemic immunity.
can protect the inoculator from serious illness, but the inoculator may still have a virus in his or her nasal cavity that can spread to others.
the nasal spray vaccine can provide another immunity, which is found mainly in cells in the nasal cavity and pharynx.
if inoculated through the nasal cavity, a local immunity is added in addition to the systemic immunity that cannot be achieved with a myocardial vaccine.
the whole body immunity keeps the inoculator from getting sick, while local immunity means that it will be more difficult for the virus to start infecting in the nasal cavity, the virus in the "infected bag" in the nasal cavity, which can easily be transmitted to others through breathing or sneezing.
Lund is working with Altimmune to develop such a vaccine.
if the new vaccine is fully effective and everyone is vaccinated, there is no need to worry about those who have been vaccinated exhaling the virus to infect others, but this is difficult to achieve.
Dr. Michael S. Diamond, chair professor of medicine, molecular microbiology, pathology and immunology at the University of Washington, said that with the exception of those who were not vaccinated, some groups would not produce enough vaccine responses, meaning that no antibodies would be produced in these groups to protect the vaccinated.
hope that there will be a vaccine to prevent the spread of the virus, but it is not always technically feasible.
team led by Dr. Diamond recently published a paper in cell that showed that the single-dose nasal spray vaccine of ChAd-SARS-CoV-2-S prevented SARS-CoV-2 infections in the upper and lower respiratory tracts of mice.
team plans to test the vaccine in non-human primates and humans to see if it is safe and effective in preventing infection.
image source: Reference: Dr Diamond said that although nasal spray vaccines are not currently common, there are vaccines available for other diseases, such as the Flumist flu vaccine currently in use.
Diamond hopes to be able to use existing nasal spray technology.
Is similar to this strategy, on August 21st Nature Communications published a signed paper by Dr. Chen Ling from the National Key Laboratory for Respiratory Diseases, Dr. Yuan Zhiming of the Wuhan Virus Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, and Dr. Guan Suhua of Enbao Biologicals in Guangzhou, reporting on a genetic sequence of adenovirus vaccines (Ad5-S-nb2) that carry coded spike proteins.
Ad5-S-nb2 in mice and rhesus monkeys can cause systemic prickly protein-specific antibodies and cell-mediated immune (CMI) responses.
in the nose can cause antibody response throughout the body and lungs, but CMI response is weak.
30 days after the Ad5-S-nb2 vaccine for rhesus monkey muscle injection or nasal spray, it has a protective effect on the SARS-CoV-2 challenge.
: Ahmed O. Hassan, Natasha M. Kafai1, Igor P. Dmitriev, et al. A single-dose intranasal ChAd vaccine protects upper and lower respiratory tracts against SARS-CoV-2. Cell, August 19, 2020 DOI: . . . . Joe Palca. What A Nasal Spray Vaccine Against COVID-19 Might Do Even Better Than A Shot. Aug 28, 2020. Retrieved Aug 29, 2020 #stream/0 Liqiang Feng, Qian Wang, Chao Shan, et al. An adenovirus-vectored COVID-19 vaccine confers protection from SARS-COV-2 challenge in rhesus macaques. Nat Commun. 2020 Aug 21;11 (1):4207. doi: 10.1038/s41467-020-18077-5 . Nature sub-issue: A spray in the nose is expected to produce protection? The new crown vaccine highlights positive results. Aug 22, 2020. Retrieved Aug 22, 2020 from.