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Major depressive disorder (MDD) is one of the most serious mental illnesses in the world today, causing a lot of social pressure and medical burden
.
MDD patients are difficult to treat, often have drug resistance problems, and are prone to relapse
On December 22, 2021, researcher Liu Ning's research group from the Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tian Yanghua's research group from the Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, and researcher Yu Shan's research group from the Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences jointly published a paper entitled "Electroconvulsive" in the journal " Brain Stimulation ".
The article "therapy modulates critical brain dynamics in major depressive disorder patients", studied the critical state dynamics mechanism of major depressive disorder (MDD) and its electroconvulsive therapy (ECT), providing insights into the pathogenesis of MDD and its ECT treatment mechanism new perspective
.
Based on resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI), more and more evidences show that MDD, as a very complex psychiatric disease, not only involves changes in the activity of a single or a few brain regions, but more Changes at the level of brain networks, such as default mode network (DMN) and fronto-parietal network (FPN)
.
Correspondingly, ECT can effectively alter the functional connectivity within and with the outside of some brain networks
Figure 1 Changes in the properties of the critical state of the whole brain in MDD patients and the role of ECT
The researchers constructed a critical state analysis method for rs-fMRI data based on normal control (HC) subjects
.
By binarizing the BOLD signal, they extracted neuronal avalanche information about the subjects' brain activity
Figure 2 Distribution of node degrees in MDD patients before and after ECT and in HC subjects
The researchers further examined the effect of ECT on different resting-state brain networks
.
They found that ECT significantly adjusted the critical state properties of networks such as DMN and FPN, and at the same time significantly increased the proportion of internal functional connections and high-level nodes in DMN and FPN (Fig.
Figure 3 Summary of research results
In conclusion, the researchers found that the brains of MDD patients may be in a subcritical state in the relatively macroscopic large-scale brain activity.
ECT can adjust the brain activity of MDD to the vicinity of the critical state, and the main brain networks are DMN and FPN
.
In addition, patients with poorer responses to ECT may not show a clear trend toward subcriticality, and ECT did not significantly alter the brain's critical state dynamics in these patients
Researcher Liu Ning of the Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Director Tian Yanghua of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, and Researcher Yu Shan of the Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences are the co-corresponding authors of this article
.
Xin Yumeng, a doctoral student at the Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, and Dr.
Article link: https://doi.
(Contributed by Liu Ning's research group)
