Diabetes check, how to understand the test sheet?

1.

Blood glucose is clinically referred to as glucose in the blood

2.

Under normal circumstances, the urine contains only a trace amount of glucose, and the urine glucose qualitative test was negative

3.

After a normal person ingests a large amount of glucose at one time, through the regulation of various regulatory mechanisms in the body, the blood sugar concentration only increases temporarily, and returns to the normal level after two hours, which is the "sugar tolerance phenomenon" of the human body

4.

Because blood sugar fluctuates under the influence of diet, activity, and drugs, a blood sugar measurement can only reflect the blood sugar level at the time of blood collection, and cannot reflect the overall picture of the blood sugar situation in the period before blood collection

5.

It is mainly used to observe the functional status of pancreatic islet beta cells and help determine the type of diabetes

(1) Insulin release test: Oral 75 grams of glucose or two liang of steamed bread were taken, and the plasma insulin levels before and after meals were measured

(2) C-peptide release test: C-peptide is the equimolecular dissociation product of endogenous insulin, and the C-peptide value of normal human fasting plasma is 0.

6.

Diabetic patients are prone to kidney damage.

7.

Severe diabetes can cause ketone bodies to accumulate in the blood, resulting in ketoacidosis.

8.
Immunological examination:

Including glutamate decarboxylase antibody (GADA), islet cell antibody and insulin autoantibody, etc.
, mainly used for the typing of diabetes
.
Normal people and patients with type 2 diabetes are all negative for these three antibodies, while type 1 diabetes is mostly positive.
Among them, GADA appears early in the blood and lasts for a long time, which is more valuable.
The sexual rate of type 1 diabetes patients can be as high as 90%.
, and lasts for many years
.