Diabetogia: How does smoking during pregnancy affect type 1 diabetes in children?

!---- The link between mother smoking during pregnancy (prenatal smoking) and type 1 diabetes in children is not clearPrevious studies have been small-scale and the results may be skewed due to unmeasured promiscuityThe purpose of this study was to assess the relationship between prenatal smoking and type 1 diabetes in children, to assess residual confusion in negative control design and E-value analysis, and to summarize published impact estimates from meta-analysisThe overall study (participants, born between 1999 and 2013, aged 15 and older) used associated administrative data from the South Australian Child Data ProjectDuring the (2001-2014) hospitalization, 557 children were diagnosed with type 1 diabetes (ICD, version 10, Australian modified version of the code: E10, E101-E109)Families that do not receive tuition support are a negative result of controlCalculate the corrected Cox Ratio HRAnalysis of data on the full case (n s 264,542, type 1 diabetes s 442) and the projection (n s 286,058, type 1 diabetes s 557)The effects of prenatal smoking on type 1 diabetes were summarized using a random effect meta-analysisThe results showed that children who were exposed to maternal smoking only in the first half or second half of pregnancy had a 6% higher incidence of type 1 diabetes (corrected HR 1.06 (95% CI 0.73, 1.55)) compared to non-smokersThe incidence of type 1 diabetes was reduced by 24% in children exposed to persistent prenatal smoking (HR adjusted (95% CI 0.58, 0.99) and the prevalence of type 1 diabetes caused by maternal smoking decreased by 16% (HR s 0.44 (95% CI 0.67) 1.08)The meta-analysis estimated that children exposed to prenatal smoking had a 28-29 percent lower risk of developing type 1 diabetes than children who were not exposed to smokingAnalysis of negative control results showed residual confounding factors in prenatal smoking and type 1 diabetesAnalysis of the E-value showed that the observed effect was offset by unmeasurable confusion (HR 1.67) associated with prenatal smoking and type 1 diabetes in childrenThe study estimates that smoking during pregnancy is associated with a 16 percent reduction in the incidence of type 1 diabetes in children, and that these effects are influenced by some residual confusion