Diabetologia: The role of circulating Galectin-1 in type 2 diabetes and chronic kidney disease

Diabetes is a global health problem, currently affecting more than 400 million people worldwide
.

Half of all type 2 diabetes patients will also develop chronic kidney disease (CKD), which has a major impact on daily life and medical expenses

diabetes

Galectin-1 is a highly conserved carbohydrate-binding protein involved in cell growth.
A number of studies have reported its anti-inflammatory effects
.

Experimental data shows that Galectin-1 may regulate kidney fibrosis in diabetic mouse models

Galectin-1 pretreatment can reduce the influx of pro-inflammatory cytokines and renal cell damage in the rat model of ischemia-reperfusion injury, and exogenous Galectin-1 can reduce the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines from renal tubular epithelial cells
.

Galectin-1 is highly expressed in adipose tissue and vascular endothelial cells

Vascular Metabolic Syndrome Cardiovascular

The Malmö Diet and Cancer Study (MDCS) is a population-based prospective cohort study established in Sweden from 1991 to 1996
.

A detailed description of the cohort and representativeness has been published before

The MDCS-CC baseline measurement detailed description of clinical characteristics, standard anthropometric and blood-based measurements can be found in the Electronic Supplementary Material (ESM) method
.

Participants completed an extensive baseline questionnaire, including questions about life>

Galectin-1 assay Galectin-1 assay: According to the manufacturer's instructions, the human Galectin-1 quantitative ELISA kit (R&D Systems, MN, USA) was used to detect the human serum Galectin-1 collected at the baseline of the study
.

The intra-assay and inter-assay coefficients of variation were 7.

Screening

From 1991 to 1994 (average age 57.
6 years), 4022 subjects (58.
6%) who participated in the Malmö Diet and Cancer Research-Cardiovascular Cohort Study were examined
.

EGFR was calculated after baseline and average follow-up (16.

diagnosis

      Galectin-1 is closely related to lower EGFR at baseline (p=
2.

3×10~(-0)−89), but it is not accompanied by chronic renal insufficiency

⁻³

     To the best of our knowledge, this is the first large-scale, population-based cohort study to examine the longitudinal association of Galectin-1 with chronic kidney disease and type 2 diabetes
.
We show that there is a strong negative correlation between the level of Galectin-1 in the cross-sectional circulation and EGFR as a measure of renal function and several quantitative traits that define metabolic syndrome
.
In addition, we also proved that the incidence of CKD and type 2 diabetes has nothing to do with established risk factors
.
However, after adjusting the baseline EGFR, the association with the event CKD completely disappeared
.
Consistent with this, we observed in the chart an insignificant influence direction of Galectin-1 on the causal protection of CKD and type 2 diabetes in CKDGen
.
We also showed that compared with other diabetes groups in the SIRD group of type 2 diabetes patients in the ANDIS study, Galectin-1 levels were higher, while individuals with higher Galectin-1 in the SIRD group had lower EGFR
.
However, MR analysis showed that Galectin-1 played a causal protective role in the SIRD cluster studied by ANDIS
.

     In short, galectin-1 has a strong cross-sectional correlation with renal function decline, but the two-sample MR analysis suggests that galectin-1 has a causal protective effect on renal function in patients with high-risk type 2 diabetes with diabetic nephropathy
.
Future research needs to explore the mechanism by which galectin-1 affects renal function and whether it may become a useful target for improving renal function in patients with type 2 diabetes
.

 

Literature source: Drake I, Fryk E, Strindberg L, The role of circulating galectin-1 in type 2 diabetes and chronic kidney disease: evidence from cross-sectional, longitudinal and Mendelian randomisation analyses, Diabetologia 2021 Nov 07

Drake I, Fryk E, Strindberg L, The role of circulating galectin-1 in type 2 diabetes and chronic kidney disease: evidence from cross-sectional, longitudinal and Mendelian randomisation analyses, Diabetologia 2021 Nov 07

 

 

 

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