Dr. Tian: Is mitochondria really a small troublemaker that causes aging? It's up to you.

Guide: Reveal the secrets behind agingWhat doesage mean? As we get older, our skin becomes loose, our hair begins to whiten, and our risk of degenerative neurological disease increases even cancerWhat are the biological mechanisms behind these appearances? The author had the privilege of inviting DrTian Qi from the Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, who will reveal the secrets behind agingDrTian Yuthe human body is like a very sophisticated instrument that requires the systematic coordination of different organ tissuesInstruments run for a long time will inevitably have wear and tear, the same people have wear and tear will have agingIn order to explore the mechanism of aging, scientists have put forward a series of hypothunotalogy, such as oxygen free radical theory, telomere theory, DNA damage accumulation theory, gene regulation theory and so onIn the course of the study, DrTian's team found that the steady state of protein in mitochondria has a significant effect on agingmitochondria really are the little troublemakers that cause aging?it is well known that mitochondria are the main energy generators of cells and are essential for cell survival and apoptosisIf the mitochondria are damaged, its membrane permeability will deteriorate, which can cause the mitochondria to rupture in vitro membranesThen cytochrome C is released to induce apoptosis of cellsSo mitochondria control the cell's birth on the one hand, and the cell's death on the other of course, mitochondria have other important functions in addition to being an energy control center The study found that the metabolites produced by mitochondria affect all aspects of cell function, and some metabolites can even directly regulate many epigenetic factors, affecting the transcription of the genome within the nucleus In addition, once mitochondrial damage, dna from the mitochondria releases to cells and may be induced by an immune response as an external infection as the cell's energy and metabolic center, mitochondria have a relatively independent quality control system, including molecular level oxygen free radical removal system, molecular mate protein system and protease system, as well as organ level fusion/divide mechanism and mitochondrial autophagy mechanism Relevant studies have shown that protein-stabilized imbalances and mitochondrial dysfunction are important factors in the occurrence of aging and aging-related diseases, which may occur as causes and causes In early aging studies, scientists, without exception, found that mitochondria in various tissue organs declined as they age So many early studies have attributed aging in part to imbalances in the steady state of mitochondrial or the accumulation of mitochondrial DNA mutations When we specifically answer how does aging occur? Is the aging process affecting the mitochondria, or is it due to mitochondrial damage that causes aging? Dr Tian says it's hard for the scientific community to give a very clear answer, but one thing is for sure, that better mitochondrial function is definitely good for the body the difficulties encountered in the transformation of aging research results
in recent years, people from different angles to explore aging, trying to find a shortcut to delay aging Dr Tian believes that it is a good thing to study the aging boom, which shows that people are beginning to care about aging While more attention is being paid to cancer treatment, Dr Tian believes more people want to get older healthier In the study of aging, it has been found that there are many model animals, not only live long, but also live very healthy, their ability to resist infection, anti-stress ability has a significant advantage Dr 's team studies the aging of nematodes from the perspective of mitochondria In earlier studies, Dr Tian found that when mitochondrial function is slightly impaired, especially during development, it can induce so-called mitochondrial stress And this stress response is induced, it can in some way allow the body to better cope with the various adverse effects of aging with this discovery, Dr Tian further explored why the stress response to mitochondrial damage and minor damage can make the body live longer At the same time, the researchers found that intervention in only a few neurons can extend the life of nematodes without having to conduct systemic experiments , talking about how many of the current research results are based on model animals, and that this is a problem that every study faces when it comes to the difficulties it may encounter in transitioning to the human body In exploring a complex problem, we need to solve the mystery a little bit, it is not a one-off thing, it needs to accumulate We can use these conservative molecular mechanisms that different organisms selectively lose or retain in evolution to help people answer questions that we want to know anti-aging "god medicine": metformin in recent years, people unexpectedly found that metformin has the magic effect of delaying aging In a long-term follow-up study, scientists found that people with type 2 diabetes with metformin live longer than normal To further study the protective effect of metformin on normal human cells, scientists at the Institute of Biophysics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences chose a replicated aging model using human-derived diploid fibroblasts and interstitial stem cells The aging model of human-derived cells is chosen on the one hand because cell aging is an important factor leading to the aging of organisms, on the other hand, the human-derived cell model can provide a more reliable basis for anti-aging research compared with low-level animal models researchers found that long-term, low-dose treatment of metformin (similar to the concentration of drugs in the intravenous blood of diabetics who took metformin) can delay the replication aging of human-derived diploid fibroblasts and interstitial stem cells At the same time, metformin can enhance the transcriptional activity of the antioxidant transcription factor NRF2, which in turn increases the expression of peroxidase GPx7 The researchers' early work showed that GPx7 was important for the stabilization of the cell's antioxidant and redox steady state In this study, they found that expression levels of GPx7 decreased significantly with cell aging, while gPx7 deficiency led to accelerated cell aging and invivia of stem cells concluded: "
finally, Dr Tian again stressed that no one wants to live long, but live very unhealthy." So all the ways you can be healthier can actually try, say diet, fasting, as long as your body feels improved, the state has improved, then you feel happy you do A moderate amount of exercise, a healthy diet, and adequate sleep, a little improvement in quality of life each day, will be enough .