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    Home > Biochemistry News > Biotechnology News > Effects of invasive alien species on china's biodiversity (including China's top ten invasive alien species)

    Effects of invasive alien species on china's biodiversity (including China's top ten invasive alien species)

    • Last Update: 2020-08-04
    • Source: Internet
    • Author: User
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    On June 2, the Ministry of Ecological Environment held a regular press conference in Beijing and issued the 2019 Bulletin on the State of China's Ecological Environment. More than 660 invasive alien species have been found across the country, according to the
    Bulletin.
    71 species that have posed or are potentially threatening to natural ecosystems and are listed on the China List of Invasive Alien Species. The results of the survey of invasive alien species in 67 national nature reserves in
    show that 215 invasive alien species have invaded the national nature reserves, of which 48 are listed as invasive alien species in China.
    Extended Reading: The Impact of Invasive Alien Species on Biodiversity in China The science knowledge is first of all the three concepts of alien species, biological invasion and biodiversity.
    alien species: a species, subspecies, or subcategory group that appears outside its natural distribution and distribution, including any part, matcher, or reproduction that these species can survive and reproduce.
    biological invasion: a phenomenon in which a creature is introduced from a foreign nature or artificially introduced into the wild and causes some harm to the local ecosystem.
    biodiversity: the integration of ecological complexes formed by organisms and their environments and the various ecological processes associated with them, including animals, plants, microorganisms and the genes they possess and complex ecosystems formed by their living environments.
    true story before the article begins with a true story of a biological invasion causing irretrievable life on the Indian Ocean island of Mauritius, where a large bird that is active and nesting and does not fly - the ferry bird, is a close relative of pigeons, but much larger than pigeons.
    is about 1m tall and weighs up to 14kg.
    the island of Mauritius is almost all dense tropical forests, of which the tall Cavalia tree is the island's unique trees, the fruit of the tree is the main food of the ferry birds, the ferry bird although there are no teeth, but there is a strong stomach, the stomach also has a tennis ball-sized stone, the fruit of the Caveria tree for the ferry birds to provide the necessary nutrients, the stomach of the birds polished by the Caveria tree fruit to germinate.
    so, the Caphalia tree provided food for the ferry birds, which helped the Cafaria tree spread the seeds.
    16th century, when European sailors landed on the island of Mauritius, a large number of deforestation, so that the ferry birds lost their habitat, at the same time, they also hunted the ferry birds as food, but also brought the island's original lyn of livestock, livestock destroyed the nests of the ferry birds built on the ground, while swallowing their eggs, their population sharply reduced, in 1681, the island's last ferry bird was "destroyed" from the earth, from this precious bird disappeared from the earth forever.
    , scientists from around the world used seeding, planting, crushing and grafting to breed in order to save the unique trees on the island of Mauritius, but all failed.
    fortunately, American ecologist Tamble has solved the mystery of the extinction of the Caveria tree.
    decided to use the stomach of the turkey instead of the stomach of the ferry bird to polish the cones of the Caveria tree, a miracle occurred, the turkey stomach polished fruit core has three germination.
    later Tamble's machine-polished core also planted Kafaria saplings.
    only "pulled" the Cafellian tree from the brink of extinction.
    scientific advances, so that the Caphalia tree will not step through the birds.
    now, Mauritius has successfully bred a large number of saplings by using scientific methods to dilute the core of the Cavalia tree.
    but the lesson is profound, even if a small species on Earth extinction, will cause immeasurable damage.
    today, perhaps it is useless, worthless, but tomorrow with some kind of scientific discovery, it will suddenly be worth ten times, worth even.
    ecosystem is a universally linked whole, with a food chain.
    as long as a link in the food chain is destroyed, the entire food chain suffers.
    it is clear that these European sailors and the livestock they bring are typical of biological invasions.
    alien species invasion in biology has two layers of meaning first, species must be foreign, non-native. Second, the
    , the alien species can settle, reproduce and spread in local natural or artificial ecosystems, ultimately significantly affecting the local ecological environment and damaging local biodiversity.
    invasive alien species may destroy the natural and complete integrity of the landscape, destroy ecosystems, endanger plant and animal diversity, and affect genetic diversity.
    invasion of China's foreign pests reached 544 species, of which more than 100 kinds of serious harm.
    the 100 most threatened invasive alien species in the world, according to the International Union for Conservation of Nature, more than 50 have invaded China.
    The economic losses caused by China's annual economic losses exceed 200 billion yuan.
    China's top ten invasive alien species 1. water gourd: native to South America, the academic name: phoenix-eye lotus.
    it floating water, is beautifying the environment, purifying water quality of a good plant.
    because of this characteristic China introduced it, but the "pit dad" is only responsible for collecting pollutants, not responsible for the degradation of all pollutants, plant death, accumulated toxins in the body will be secondary pollution of water.
    and the plant's reproductive capacity is so strong that it will adopt a brutal "blocking strategy" on the surface of its life, blocking the sun, causing underwater plants to die without enough light, destroying underwater ecosystems and eventually causing the death of aquatic animals, which is indeed a scourge in this case.
    2. Purple Stems Zelan: Native to North America, perennial herb or subshrubs, "prefer" the toxic branches of purple stems Zelan in native landZelan flies, spin-skinned vines and 4 species of parasitic bacteria;
    but leaving origin it is called the "killer" of the plant world.
    where it is not born, cattle and sheep poisoning, and it can also carry out sexual reproduction and asexual reproduction, the environment is extremely adaptable, whether fertile or barren land can survive, serious harm to the growth of native plants, so it is also the Chinese the current most headache of invasive plants.
    3. Mississippi Red Ear Turtle: Native to North America, the world's recognized ecological killer, has been listed by the World Environmental Protection Organization as one of the 100 most destructive species.
    its spread is mainly due to some unscrupulous traders it is good to feed and strong breeding power, so on the fake native turtle trafficking, the Chinese people do not know, and do not understand what is scientific release, coupled with some enthusiasts irresponsibly abandoned, farm escape, wild no natural enemies, and so on, and finally led to its rapid spread in China.
    red-eared turtles will wantonly kill native plants and animals, but also bring some diseases, with China's native turtles to compete for habitat, food, and even interbreeding (Taiwan has found the Chinese flower turtle and red-eared turtle hybrid offspring), and so on, is extremely harmful.
    . Guinean grass: native to North America, one-year herb, its fertilization capacity and regeneration capacity is very strong, can absorb a lot of nitrogen and phosphorus in the soil, resulting in arid soil and poor, affecting the growth of native plants.
    unfortunate is that this plant can not be eaten directly and indirectly, is really harmful and not beneficial.
    5. White jade snails: native to Africa, white jade snails are the mutant species of African snails artificially bred.
    they like to live in dark, damp, loose and corrupt environments.
    of male and female conjoined, allogeneic mating, as long as the temperature and humidity are appropriate, the four seasons can reproduce.
    although Chinese rarely eat snails, but snails are popular with foreign friends, so the Chinese people make them into dishes, cans, pastries and cosmetics for export in exchange for foreign currency.
    white jade snails will eat our native plants once they enter the natural world, and the vegetation will be severely damaged.
    6. Fish: Native to Africa, they live in fresh water and have become a key scientific ally cultured freshwater fish in the world aquaculture industry because of their high levels of animal protein.
    they are highly adaptable and food-eating, and can survive well even in a smaller environment.
    the fish into the natural waters will devour the eggs and fish fry, the impact of China's native fish population is great.
    . Artemisinin: Native to Africa, after entering China has become the national table of food.
    its taste is very special, especially when the hot pot is very delicious, there are many people like to eat it.
    the breeding power and vitality of wild artemisinin are very strong, once into the natural world will spread along the river banks and wetlands, encroaching on the habitat of China's indigenous wet plants.
    8. Fushou screw: originated in South America, in 1981 was introduced to our country, its meat is delicious, but also rich in nutrients, is now the Chinese table of delicious food.
    Fushou screw is large, food-eating, adaptable, fast growth and reproduction, all over china have breeding.
    is inadequate is that Fushou screw body with a large number of parasites, must have enough time of high temperature to kill it clean.
    now fushou screw has invaded wild population, china's rice and aquatic plants serious harm.
    9. American bullfrog: native of North America, loud and loud like a cow called and named, after the invasion of China by the Chinese chef with bubble peppers, peppers, peppers and other spices to deal with the smell of bullfrog, and bullfrog meat is very thick, eat more satisfying, many Chinese like to eat it.
    bullfrog invasion into the wild will devour China's proto-small animals, causing serious harm to biodiversity.
    10. Crayfish: Native to North America, named: K.A.
    it was moved to the national table and became a favorite delicacy for everyone, especially in the crayfish harvest season, drinking crayfish is almost everyone's thing to do.
    even if it has a strong reproductive capacity, it will not be enough for China's 1.3 billion people to eat every day.
    in fact, now wild crayfish has been rare, the market to see almost all artificial breeding, if not artificial breeding, I think crayfish estimated to have long been extinct in China.
    but crayfish is the most widely distributed invasive alien species among crustaceans, which occupies an absolute advantage in China's ecological environment due to omnivores, fast growth, adaptability and lack of natural enemies.
    the above introduction is only china's common ten species of foreign species, only China's invasive alien species of a group of "little witches."
    alien species because of leaving the origin, once adapted to the local climate and environment, and no day hostile to their population numbers to effectively restrict, they will be crazy breeding, resulting in biological invasion, the ecological environment in different places caused great damage, which is unavoidable, but also to face the reality of the problem, this is not only our country, has now become a global problem (Asian carp invasion of the United States, crab stake in Europe, Danish oyster swell, Australian rabbit epidemic, etc.).
    the alien species that cause biological invasions cause the collapse of local wildlife, plants, microbes and the genes they possess and the complex ecosystems they form with the environment in which they live, known as the loss of biodiversity.
    by then ecological disasters will occur one after another, our forests, oceans, wetlands, water conservancy projects will be greatly affected, the country will suffer huge economic losses.
    this article only represents a personal point of view, in order to protect China's biodiversity, please more advice and suggestions! Source: Universal Network rlyl's Natural World, author of Creepy Fans.
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