Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic autoimmune disease with multi-system damage.
and immune complex deposition
.
In the SLE laboratory examination items, erythrocyte sedimentation rate and complement are two common indicators of SLE, and they are also two indicators that fluctuate
.
What clinical reference value do they have for SLE patients?
Almost all patients with lupus erythematosus have an increased erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR)
.
ESR is a non-specific indicator, and many factors affect ESR, such as red blood cell number, red blood cell shape, red blood cell aggregation state, levels of CRP, fibrinogen, immune complexes, macroglobulin, and visceral substantial damage
.
Increased ESR may be due to changes in serum protein or changes in red blood cells
.
The former usually includes hypergammaglobulinemia, monoclonal antibodies, and elevated fibrinogen levels
.
The latter mainly reflects a decrease in red blood cell number and red blood cell size
.
More than 90% of patients with active SLE have an increased ESR.
It should be noted that an increased ESR indicates lupus activity, but a normal ESR does not mean that there is no active inflammation
.
.
If the patient's erythrocyte sedimentation rate accelerates from the original normal or low level, and suddenly rises sharply, he should be alert to recurrence
.
0 2 complement
.
The complement system can be activated by antigen-antibody complexes and/or microorganisms, leading to immune cell lysis and immune hemolysis, that is, the lysis of cells, bacteria and red blood cells, or immunobiological phenomena such as immune adhesion
.
Deposited in the basement membrane zone of the skin
.
Thus, complement C3, C4 is decreased during SLE disease activity and infection
.
In addition, abnormal levels of C3 and C4 in vivo can increase the recognition of nucleic acids by apoptotic cells, form more autoantibodies, and combine with antigens to produce complexes.
Therefore, understanding the levels of complement C3 and C4 is beneficial for SLE disease monitoring
.
When SLE involves the liver of patients , the globulin synthesis capacity of the liver is reduced, and the synthesis levels of complement C3 and C4 are also affected accordingly
.
.
It has long been found that a decrease in complement levels is not always associated with SLE activity, but a decrease in complement is associated with SLE involving the kidneys and blood system
.
In addition to indicating SLE activity, low C4 may also be a manifestation of SLE susceptibility (C4 deficiency)
.
C4 is the second activated complement molecule in the classical pathway, and it also reflects the changes of SLE patients to a certain extent, and its level changes can be used as an important indicator of SLE disease activity
.
.
Studies have found that complement C3 can be depleted through both the classical pathway and the alternative pathway, while complement C4 is depleted by the classical pathway alone.
Therefore, the level of complement C3 decreases more significantly than that of complement C4 during disease activity and infection
.
.
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic autoimmune disease with multi-system damage.
and immune complex deposition
.
and immune complex deposition
.
systemic lupus erythematosus immunity
In the SLE laboratory examination items, erythrocyte sedimentation rate and complement are two common indicators of SLE, and they are also two indicators that fluctuate
.
.
What clinical reference value do they have for SLE patients?
What clinical reference value do they have for SLE patients?0 1 ESR 0 1 ESRAlmost all patients with lupus erythematosus have an increased erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR)
.
.
Erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) accelerated
ESR is a non-specific indicator, and many factors affect ESR, such as red blood cell number, red blood cell shape, red blood cell aggregation state, levels of CRP, fibrinogen, immune complexes, macroglobulin, and visceral substantial damage
.
.
Increased ESR may be due to changes in serum protein or changes in red blood cells
.
The former usually includes hypergammaglobulinemia, monoclonal antibodies, and elevated fibrinogen levels
.
The latter mainly reflects a decrease in red blood cell number and red blood cell size
.
More than 90% of patients with active SLE have an increased ESR.
It should be noted that an increased ESR indicates lupus activity, but a normal ESR does not mean that there is no active inflammation
.
.
The former usually includes hypergammaglobulinemia, monoclonal antibodies, and elevated fibrinogen levels
.
The latter mainly reflects a decrease in red blood cell number and red blood cell size
.
The increase of erythrocyte sedimentation rate is due to the change of serum protein or the change of red blood cells.
The erythrocyte sedimentation rate of more than 90% of active SLE patients will increase.
It should be noted that the increase of erythrocyte sedimentation rate indicates lupus activity, but normal erythrocyte sedimentation rate does not mean that there is no active inflammation
.
More than 90% of patients with active SLE have an increased ESR.
It should be noted that an increased ESR indicates lupus activity, but a normal ESR does not mean that there is no active inflammation
.
Some patients with a long course of disease still have relatively fast erythrocyte sedimentation rate even in the stable phase
.
If the patient's erythrocyte sedimentation rate accelerates from the original normal or low level, and suddenly rises sharply, he should be alert to recurrence
.
0 2 complement
0 2 Complement 0 2 Complement Complement (complement, C) is essentially a protein present in serum and tissue fluid, which is heat-labile, has enzymatic catalytic activity after activation, and can mediate a series of immune responses and inflammatory responses.
The complement system can be activated by antigen-antibody complexes and/or microorganisms, leading to immune cell lysis and immune hemolysis, that is, the lysis of cells, bacteria, and red blood cells, or immunobiological phenomena such as immune adhesion.
SLE disease activity and infection can occur.
A large number of immune complexes are produced and deposited in tissues and organs, thereby activating the complement system, and clearing the immune complexes through the alternative pathway of complement .
Thus, complement C3, C4 is decreased during SLE disease activity and infection .
In addition, abnormal levels of C3 and C4 in vivo can increase the recognition of nucleic acids by apoptotic cells, form more autoantibodies, and combine with antigens to produce complexes.
Therefore, understanding the levels of complement C3 and C4 is beneficial to understanding the levels of complement C3 and C4.
Conducive to SLE SLE condition monitoring .
Condition monitoring .
In addition, complement is mainly synthesized in the liver.
When SLE involves the liver of patients , the globulin synthesis capacity of the liver is reduced, and the synthesis levels of complement C3 and C4 are also affected accordingly .
C3 is a key component of the classical activation and alternative activation pathway processes of the complement system
.
It has long been found that a decrease in complement levels is not always associated with SLE activity, but a decrease in complement is associated with SLE involving the kidneys and blood system
.
In addition to indicating SLE activity, low C4 may also be a manifestation of SLE susceptibility (C4 deficiency)
.
C4 is the second activated complement molecule in the classical pathway, and it also reflects the changes of SLE patients to a certain extent, and its level changes can be used as an important indicator of SLE disease activity
.
.
C4 is the second activated complement molecule in the classical pathway, and it also reflects the changes of SLE patients to a certain extent, and its level changes can be used as an important indicator of SLE disease activity
.
When complement is activated and gradually degraded through conventional or alternative pathways, its content also decreases
.
Studies have found that complement C3 can be depleted through both the classical pathway and the alternative pathway, while complement C4 is depleted by the classical pathway alone.
Therefore, the level of complement C3 decreases more significantly than that of complement C4 during disease activity and infection
.
According to the above explanation of erythrocyte sedimentation rate and complement examination in SLE patients, we can make it clear that C3 and C4 are sensitive specific indicators in the disease of SLE, but ESR can only be used as a reference indicator, and only by combining the two can a more accurate judgment be made Take appropriate treatment measures in a timely manner
.
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