Extraction techniques for fats and lipids in animal and plant tissues.
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Last Update: 2020-10-26
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Source: Internet
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Author: User
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take the extraction of rice bran oil as an example, rice bran oil is rich in sterolsphospholipid , has a high nutritional value. Through supercritical CO2 extraction, grease and phospholipids can be extracted from rice bran, the content of free fatty acids can be reduced, and the color of light grease products can be obtained.
method: 5 grams of rice bran into the triage, supercritical CO2 pressure through the limiter control at 7000 to 9000psi, temperature of 70 degrees C to 100 degrees C, adjust its temperature and pressure so that supercritical CO2 into the triage, reaction time of 90min, at the end of the reaction, extracted rice bran oil and phospholipids through the collector, recovery supercritical CO2.
the remaining rice bran is extracted from petroleum ether to determine the amount of residual oil in the raw material. At the same time, a controlled experiment was conducted with positive hexane extraction. The experimental results show that rice bran oil is extracted by supercritical CO2, and the extraction rate of rice bran oil is about 20%. From the analysis of product residual oil rate, the effective rate of supercritical CO2 extraction of rice bran oil at 100 degrees C, 9000psi and erthane at 69 degrees C is more than 99%, which indicates that supercritical CO2 extraction of rice bran oil is very thorough.
Although supercritical CO2 extraction with the increase of temperature and pressure, rice bran oil product color deepened, free fatty acids and phospholipid content increased, but the product in terms of quality is better than positive hexane extraction.
Experiments show that when the extraction temperature of supercritical CO2 is much lower than the melting point temperature of grease, for example, at 35 degrees C, basically no grease products are presemined, but the reaction temperature is close to the melting point of rice bran oil 80 degrees C, the extraction rate increases dramatically. This is mainly due to the increase in the vapor pressure of the solutegrease after the extraction temperature of supercritical CO2 increases, but on the other hand, the increase in temperature leads to a decrease in the density of CO2 and a corresponding decrease in the solubility of the solute. For a certain solute, there is a specific pressure, at which the effect of the vapor pressure of the solute on solubility is the main.
since then, small temperature changes have led to a sharp drop in solubility, known as the "degraded zone", a relationship more directly demonstrated in oils such as supercritical CO2 extraction of fire ratchet oil.
pressure of supercritical CO2, the greater the density of CO2 and the greater the extraction rate of grease. According to the Maxwell-Sutherland equilibrium formula, the pressure increases from 7000 psi to 9000 psi at 80 degrees C, and the diffusion coefficient of the solute increases by about 10%. Increased diffusion coefficient when pressure increases is an important reason for the increase in the extraction rate of rice bran oil.
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