Fake genes.

.Pseudogene

has sequences similar to functional genes, but because there are many
mutations
that lose their original function, pseudogenes are functionless genes, commonly used ψ says. In 1977, false genes were found in the 5S gene system of claws, and later found in the globulin gene cluster,
immunoglobulin
gene cluster and
tissue

supergenantigen
gene cluster, and usually scattered between active functional genes. The source of the fake gene is generally thought to be reversed by mRNA into c DNA and then integrated into
genome
. The progenitic gene, like
cDNA
, does not contain a subsethic, nor does it initiate a sequence of initiations for gene transcription, and has a poly-adenosine (polyA) sequence specific to the mRNA molecule at the 5' end. Since the progenies have no biological function, they are no longer subject to evolutionary selection pressure, so many mutations can accumulate in the fake genes, often with three termination crypt sequences at the same time. Fake genes evolved from functional genes and can be seen as a relic of evolution. But since fake genes are not functional, why do they still exist in the genome? And there is evidence that some of the fake genes, such as the goat's β - the white gene's fake genes g-x and gpz. These are evolutionary issues that need to be studied in depth.

people α- a false gene in the bead protein gene base ψαl, the same as the three functional α-bead protein gene in the DNA sequence is similar, but the false gene contains many mutations, such as the starting cryprotein ATG into GTG; DNA sequence comparisons showed ψαl the sequence similarity between the fake gene and the functional alpha2 gene was 73%. ψαl the fake gene is thought to be the one. - The reproduction of the globulin gene. At first, the replicated gene was functional, and then at some point in evolution a infusion mutation was produced. Because the gene is replicated, it is not functional, but it does not affect the survival of organisms. More mutations were then accumulated in the progenies, forming the sequence of today's fake genes. Human δ-globin gene encodes one of two β-type bead proteins, but its mRNA level is very low, coding the production of
protein
is not essential, because adults also express the production of another β-type bead protein, so the δ-globulin gene is considered to be between the functional gene and the non-functional progenitic gene of an intermediate.

is an involuntary reverse transcription transposing element. Since it comes from transcription products of RNA polymerase II. This is because the RNA that reverse transcription produces the fake gene does not contain a sequence of initiations located at the starting point of transcription. Pseudogenes are usually characterized by mRNA and are therefore called processed pseudogenes. The progenitic gene does not contain an containing subsethyse, with a short A. T-base pairs, each with a short forward repetition sequence at each end, the position on the chromosome is independent of its original location, and so on, these structural features illustrate the origin hypothesis of the reverse transcription transpose of the false gene. Of course, there are still different views on this, mainly because the fake gene itself does not encode reverse transcriptase, nor does it produce transposerase and so on. Therefore, it has been suggested that the emergence of a false gene may be a transposing process brokered by a transcription virus, and that the end of the transposed sequence is only occasionally similar to the end of the rotland.

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