"For the first time in China", 14 clones of "Suhuai Pigs" were born

 　　At the end of April this year, 14 cute black piglets were born in the expectation of scientific researchers
.
This is no ordinary pig! They are clones of "Suhuai Pig"
.
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　　It is reported that Nanjing Agricultural University Pig Research Institute, Huai'an Research Institute, and Jiangsu Provincial Animal Husbandry Station jointly used somatic cell cloning technology to carry out mixed transplantation of Suhuai pigs and Erhualian pigs of different "sex"
.
The 3 large white recipient sows that underwent embryo transfer gave birth successfully, and a total of 14 Suhuai piglets were obtained, of which 8 Suhuai boars and 6 Suhuai sows, the heaviest one was 1.
5 kg, and the lightest one was 0.
335 kg
.
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QfV China Feed Industry Information Network-Based on feed, serving animal husbandry

Data map of Suhuai piglets cloned by the research group using hybrid cell nuclear transfer technologyQfV China Feed Industry Information Network-Based on feed, serving animal husbandry

　　The transplantation of the two breeds was mixed, and the male and female cloned offspring of Suhuai pigs were obtained at the same time
.
This is the first time in China .
Professor Huang Ruihua from the Institute of Pig Breeding of Nanjing Agricultural University said that this fully proves that the conservation and utilization of local pig genetic resources and the expansion of outstanding individual pigs can be achieved through somatic preservation
.
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　　New technology makes it possible to quickly expand the herd of excellent individual pigsQfV China Feed Industry Information Network-Based on feed, serving animal husbandry

　　Suhuai Pig is based on the Huaiyin pig breeding farm in Huai'an City, Nanjing Agricultural University is the technical support unit, together with the Huai'an Agriculture Committee, Jiangsu Provincial Animal Husbandry Station and other units, the livestock and poultry genetics developed through 12 years of joint research and development New varieties of resources
.
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　　According to Huang Ruihua, as a black pig selected by crossbreeding between the large white pig and the Huai pig, the Suhuai pig not only retains the rough feeding resistance and high-quality meat characteristics of the original local pig breed, the Huai pig, but also absorbs the fast growth and lean meat of the large white pig.
More advantages, it is an excellent breed of food-saving, lean-meat pig, with strong stress resistance, tolerance to rough feeding, and strong physique
.
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　　After the outbreak of African swine fever, the need to protect pig genetic resources has become more urgent
.
Li Pinghua, executive vice president of the Huai’an Research Institute of Nanjing Agricultural University, introduced that the institute combined with Jiangsu Provincial Animal Husbandry General Station, Huai’an Agriculture and Rural Bureau and Huaiyin District Agriculture and Rural Bureau, the first time the Huaiyin Xinhuai pig farm’s Suhuai pigs Protection measures, and take into account the biological preservation of the breeding pig Sutai pig
.
About 1,000 DNA samples of Suhuai pigs, Sutai pigs and other breeding pigs were "rescuely" preserved, 35 somatic cells of Suhuai pigs and 18 frozen semen were preserved
.
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　　How effective is the preservation of these biological resource banks and are they capable of biological replication? Huang Ruihua said that only by using new technologies to successfully replicate, the preservation of these genetic resources can escort the continuous selection and expansion of pig breeds in China
.
"In recent years, local pig breeds and breeding pig breeds have been affected by diseases and other factors, and the number of populations has decreased.
We want to protect these excellent genetic resources and maximize the efficiency of conservation and breeding.
Therefore, we want to try mixed transplants of different breeds and different sexes.
, To see if we can produce a second generation of pigs
.
"QfV China Feed Industry Information Network-Based on feed, serving animal husbandry

　　Huang Ruihua’s team used somatic cell cloning tests to inject donor-differentiated somatic cells (such as ear tissue or fetal isolated and cultured fibroblasts) into oocytes from which the nucleus was removed to obtain reconstructed embryos, which were then produced through embryo transfer to ensure their The cloned progeny consistent with the genetic background of the donor cell
.
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　　In January 2021, the team Li Pinghua and Associate Professor Hou Liming meticulously planned to use somatic cell cloning technology to transplant the mixed somatic cells of Suhuai pig and Erhualian pig into 5 large white recipient sows for the first time.
Two breeds of cloned piglets of both sexes
.
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　　"Compared with in vitro fertilization and artificial insemination technology, nuclear transfer technology does not require the combination of sperm and eggs, it can retain all the genetic material of the donor cell and replicate the individual
.
" Hou Liming introduced
.
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Assisted cloning Suhuai piglet eating colostrum data mapQfV China Feed Industry Information Network-Based on feed, serving animal husbandry

　　From April 27th to 29th, 14 Suhuai piglets were born smoothly with good growth conditions
.
Huang Ruihua said that the successful hybrid cloning of Suhuai pig males and sows proved that the genetic material they collected was reproducible in vivo; the successful hybrid cloning of somatic cells of individuals of different genders further improved the cloning efficiency and brought outstanding pigs to the multiplication.
A new hope
.
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　　Promoting the conservation and utilization of local swine genetic resourcesQfV China Feed Industry Information Network-Based on feed, serving animal husbandry

　　Livestock and poultry genetic resources are an important part of biodiversity, an important strategic resource to maintain national agricultural and ecological security, and the material basis for the sustainable development of animal husbandry, and play an important role in the development of the national economy
.
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　　China is the country with the richest swine genetic resources in the world.
In 2021, the Office of the National Animal and Poultry Genetic Resources Committee issued the "National Animal and Poultry Genetic Resources Breed Catalog (2021 Edition)", which included 83 local pig breeds, 25 bred breeds, and supporting lines 14 pieces
.
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　　Researcher Gong Yuqing, deputy head of the Jiangsu Provincial General Station of Animal Husbandry, said: "Most of these new breeds and supporting lines are cultivated based on China's local pig genetic resources, and to a certain extent are an extension of the protection and utilization of local pig genetic resources
.
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　　They not only retain the excellent characteristics of our local pig breeds such as strong adaptability, rough feeding tolerance, high fecundity, and good meat quality, but also have the characteristics of the introduced breeds in terms of growth and fattening traits and carcass lean meat rate, which greatly enriches our pigs.
Genetic resources have created new genetic material for pig breeding in China
.
"QfV China Feed Industry Information Network-Based on feed, serving animal husbandry

　　The reporter learned that the Pig Breeding Institute of Nanjing Agricultural University under the leadership of Huang Ruihua has been engaged in the protection and utilization of local pig genetic resources for a long time, and has played a role in the construction of resource conservation farms for Erhualian pigs, Meishan pigs, rice pigs, and Shawutou pigs.
Guiding role
.
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　　The Pig Breeding Research Institute has established Erhualian Pig R&D Center, Meishan Pig R&D Center, and Shawutou Pig R&D Center in Wujin, Kunshan and Haimen respectively.
At the same time, it has established a biological resource preservation and breed (department) creation center in Huai'an Research Institute of Nanjing Agricultural University
.
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　　According to Huang Ruihua, since the African swine fever epidemic in 2018, the team collected biological genetic materials such as somatic cells, semen, DNA and other local swine genetic resources in Jiangsu and surrounding provinces for the first time, and used ultra-low temperature freezing technology and other protection methods to develop local swine genetic resources.
Biotechnology protection
.
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　　The currently preserved genetic resource biological materials involve 8 pig genetic resources such as Erhualian pig, Meishan pig, Jiaxing black pig, 3704 DNA samples, 168 somatic cell samples, 106 frozen semen, and Huai pig and Shawutou are collected.
Pigs, Yujiang pigs (Yushan black pigs) and Anqing Liubai pigs were frozen on-site for 36 semen preservation
.
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　　As a supplementary method for living body protection, genetic resources and biological materials preservation technology has made breakthroughs in recent years, and it has become an effective means for local pig genetic resources protection and breeding
.
Huang Ruihua said that the successful cloning of Suhuai boars and sows at the same time proves that collecting somatic genetic material from pig genetic resources for somatic cloning is an important way to improve the protection system of pig genetic resources and promote the healthy and sustainable development of the pig breeding industry.
One
.
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　　But we still have a lot of work to do.
First of all, we must reduce the cost.
The success of this cloning was actually achieved with the support of a number of scientific research projects, including at least the genetic material preservation and testing project of local pig genetic resources in Jiangsu Province and Huaian City Su Huai pig biotechnology conservation projects, Huai'an Black geographical indications protection projects, Jiangsu modern agriculture (hog) industry technology system projects and Nanjing Agricultural University to introduce high-level personnel projects
.
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　　More importantly, a large number of follow-up studies need to be in-depth.
For example, whether these cloned pigs can obtain normal growth and production performance like normal pigs, whether they can continue to reproduce offspring, whether their performance can be inherited normally, etc.
, are all worthwhile.
Further research topics, so the real industrialization still has a long way to go, but it is our duty
.
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