From "talking about color change" to "green chemicals"

Chemical industry is an important basic industry of national economy, which is closely related to a country's comprehensive national strength and people's life. The chemical industry has been highly valued by all countries in the world because of its large scale, long industrial chain, intensive capital technology, wide driving role and close relationship with people's lives. In the United States, the chemical industry is the largest industrial industry, in Germany, Japan, South Korea and other manufacturing powerhouses, the chemical industry is the top three important industrial

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China overcame the United States in 2010 to become the world's largest chemical power, the main base bulk product production has long been ranked first or forefront of the world. However, compared with the international advanced level, China's chemical industry has outstanding problems such as poor structure, low technical level, international competitiveness, environmental pressure, safety management is not in place, and it is urgent to learn from the experience of the development of chemical industry in developed countries, especially in the field of safety and environmental protection management, accelerate the development of high-end green clustering of the chemical industry, and promote the chemical industry to a higher quality level.
In the 1980s and 1990s, the German chemical industry has been criticized from all walks of life, people "talk about color change", hate to "close the door
It can be said that "green chemical industry" has become the trend of the development of the global chemical industry.
promote industrial transformation and upgrading by raising environmental standards. Developed countries to promote the transformation and upgrading of the chemical industry, mainly by raising environmental standards, forcing the industry from basic, high pollution gradually to clean, high-tech content. After World War II, for example, U.S. industrial development led to serious pollution of the atmosphere and water. Thus, the United States began the process of pollution prevention and control, through the establishment of regulatory agencies, improve the level of technical standards, the use of economic incentives, mobilize public participation and other measures to gradually improve the ecological environment. Britain's efforts to control air pollution have also been successful through enhanced scientific research, strict standards, active promotion of energy conservation and emission reduction technologies, and expanded clean fuel use. It should be pointed out that developed countries to promote the transformation and upgrading of the chemical industry and environmental governance is a relatively long historical process, not overnight, generally experienced 30-50 years of history, the United Kingdom has experienced a century and a half of efforts.
laws and regulations to ensure the healthy operation of the chemical industry. Major developed countries attach great importance to legal means to promote the healthy development of the chemical industry through the formulation of strict environmental laws and regulations. Such as the United Kingdom in the process of air pollution control, the introduction of the Soot Prohibition Act, Derby Act and other bills to promote the transformation and upgrading of heavy chemical industry and pollution control. Germany has formulated the Federal Pollution Prevention and Control Act as the basic law of safety and environmental protection work, and the Federal Anti-leak Law, the Fire Protection Act, the Federal Regulations on Pollution Protection, the Special Provisions for the Treatment of Hazardous Substances, and the European Union's Seviso II Guidelines, which together constitute the basic legal and regulatory framework system for the safety and environmental protection of chemical enterprises, and clearly define the safety and environmental protection of chemical enterprises from planning, construction, operation and the whole life cycle of waste disposal. A unified and perfect legal framework system can effectively avoid the problems of different laws and regulations, different standards and different decrees, and give enterprises transparent, fair and just expectations, which is conducive to government departments coordinating the supervision of chemical enterprises, chemical parks, safety, health, environmental protection, fire protection, equipment and other work, but also conducive to reducing the burden on enterprises.
importance of playing the role of trade associations and non-governmental organizations. Germany attaches great importance to the role of industry self-regulation, public and trade association participation in the upgrading of the chemical industry. The highly developed self-regulatory organization of the industry not only effectively promotes the healthy development of the industry, but also plays an important role in the promotion of safety technology research and development, safety management and industry self-discipline supervision. A number of research institutions and universities have also provided cutting-edge technology research and development and a high-quality talent base for the chemical industry, ensuring the long-term safety, health and high quality development of the German chemical industry. In addition, the broad participation of the people, but also the whole society's sense of security, security culture, the recognition of the government has been significantly enhanced.
to address public concerns through open and transparent communication mechanisms. In the 1980s and 1990s, German chemical companies have also been criticized from all walks of life, people "talk about color change", can not wait to chemical enterprises "close." But through long-term adherence to safety and environmental standards and open and transparent communication mechanisms, the German chemical industry has finally achieved the trust of the whole society. For example, BASF Chemical Park has always adhered to the principle of "combining economic success, social responsibility and environmental protection", attaches great importance to corporate social responsibility, set up community advisory committees around large production sites around the world, set up an open and frank dialogue platform between the management of the production base and residents of the surrounding communities, and achieved regular proactive communication with neighboring neighbors.
In recent years, China's chemical industry has made great achievements in highlighting the orientation of ecological and environmental protection, but green development and safe development still have a long way to go
A recent report by the International Federation of Chemical Associations showed that chemicals cover almost all production industries and contribute an estimated $5.7 trillion, or 7% of global GDP, to global GDP through direct, indirect and deep impact. The Asia-Pacific region, dominated by China, has been particularly eye-catching, accounting for more than 40% of global sales of chemical products in 2018, more than three times as much as in 2005 (11.6%), more than the sales of the next nine countries combined, and the sum of sales in North America and the European Union. Looking ahead, the Asia-Pacific region, especially China, will become the main driving force for the growth of the global chemical industry.
, in the development of high-quality green chemical industry, China's chemical industry still has a certain gap.
not enough attention to innovation. According to the European Chemical Association statistics, in 2017 in Europe and the United States developed countries in the chemical industry research and development investment accounted for about 1.8% of sales, Japan is as high as 4%, and China's chemical industry research and development investment accounted for the industry's sales revenue share is low, less than 1%. In terms of patent filings, the number of patent applications filed by Chinese chemical enterprises has increased year by year, but the proportion of multinational companies in invention patents is significantly higher than that of local enterprises in China, and most of the invention patents of multinational companies are distributed in the downstream refining and chemical fields, while most of the local enterprises in China are located in upstream fields such as oil and gas development, and there is a big gap between patent implementation rate and conversion rate and foreign countries.
competitive advantage is not strong. Although the overall scale of China's chemical industry has grown rapidly in recent years, but the enterprise competitiveness, profitability, per capita income and other indicators and developed countries have a large gap, in per capita income, per capita profit and other indicators, China's enterprises are less than 1/10 of the world's leading enterprises. Speeding up the promotion of the core competitiveness of enterprises and cultivating enterprises and enterprise groups with competitive advantage is a short board that China's chemical industry must make great efforts to complement.
degree of integration is not high. Almost all the development strategies of transnational corporations run through the integrated development concept. The integration concept of BASF Chemical Park in Germany, for example, was born at its integrated base in Ludwiggang, Germany, and has since been continuously improved and extended to its integration projects in Nanjing and Malaysia. More than 90 percent of ExxonMobil's chemical, refining and natural gas production is integrated. The degree of integration of domestic chemical enterprises needs to be improved, some chemical park industry categories are mixed, chemical enterprises adjacent to food enterprises abound, although some chemical parks are chemical enterprises, but there is no correlation between their products.
has a long way to go to develop green. In recent years, China's chemical industry has made outstanding achievements in promoting green development, but there are still many problems. For example, the total amount of resource and energy consumption is high, "three waste" emissions are large, especially the petrochemical industry VOCs (volatile organic matter) emissions are high, in recent years accounted for more than 40% of the industrial source VOCs emissions, BECOMES governance of key industries. In addition, due to the petrochemical industry, many types of raw materials, long routes, the resulting waste types, complex composition, difficult to deal with, resulting in more difficult pollution control, safety and environmental protection incidents occur from time to time. Part of the main responsibility of enterprises is not implemented, weak awareness of safety and environmental protection, insufficient investment, backward level of technology and equipment, imperfect standard system and other issues prominent.
Through long-term adherence to safety and environmental protection standards and open and transparent communication mechanism, to promote the transformation and upgrading of China's chemical industry and high-quality development
At present, China's chemical industry has entered a mature period, with a strong foundation for high-quality development, should actively learn from the development experience of developed countries green chemical industry, to promote China's chemical industry to achieve a new breakthrough.
to accelerate the development of chemical enterprises into the park, to achieve upstream and downstream integration. In order to form comprehensive competitiveness, chemical parks must attach importance to the development of internal integration, enhance cost awareness, as far as possible the formation of product raw materials supply to each other, the various factories with pipes connected to each other, the formation of value-added chain. Full consideration should be given to converting energy generated by chemical processes into steam, providing energy for production processes in other plants, and promoting the integration of production, energy, waste flow, logistics and infrastructure for optimal social, economic and environmental benefits. We should adhere to the principle of "unified planning, rational layout, strict access and integrated management", do a good job in planning the location of the park and the layout of enterprises, strictly access the safety of chemical enterprises in the park, strengthen the integrated supervision of the park, and promote the coordinated development of the park and society. It is necessary to establish a safety management mechanism for the park with clear responsibilities, efficient management, resource sharing and strong guarantee, minimize the mutual influence between enterprises in the park, strengthen the control of the safety production of enterprises in the park, consolidate the foundation of safe production, strengthen the comprehensive capacity-building of emergency rescue, and promote the safe production and development of the park.
through standards, laws and regulations to guide enterprises and public expectations, promote the healthy development of the industry. Foreign chemical enterprises have also experienced the process of being "misunderstood" by the society in the process of development, but through the long-term adherence to safety and environmental protection standards and open and transparent communication mechanism, finally achieved the trust of the whole society. The transformation and upgrading of China's chemical industry should pay attention to the adoption of environmental standards and laws and regulations to guide enterprises to reduce emissions, meet the standards, to achieve green development. At present, China's chemical industry is still in the rapid development stage of project concentration, communication with the public is still in the extensive, disorderly stage. To learn from the advanced practices of foreign enterprises, focusing on the project planning and design, site selection, construction and production and operation of the whole process, with the public, especially the surrounding community residents smooth communication, inviting the mainstream media, the public to participate in the enterprise advisory committee, timely understanding of the development of enterprises, to provide advice for enterprise development.
to encourage advanced technology research and development and promotion, enhance the sustainability of industrial development. At present, the domestic more advanced large-scale petrochemical park projects, mostly to introduce technology-based, with independent intellectual property rights of their own technology is not much. And some small chemical parks have become the gathering place of backward production capacity. Compared with foreign parks, there is still a big gap between regional research and development investment and the proportion of science and technology personnel. Take the BASF Chemical Park in Ludwiggang, Germany, for example, which employs more than 32,000 people, including more than 5,000 research and development personnel, accounting for nearly 16% of the total. In the domestic leading level of parks such as Nanjing Chemical District, enterprise science and technology personnel accounted for only 10% of the total number of employees. It can be seen that China's chemical industry still needs to increase investment in scientific and technological innovation, enhance independent innovation capacity. We should accelerate the cultivation of innovative enterprises, support enterprises to set up engineering and technology centers and other research and development institutions through various means, and focus on organizing independent innovation industrialization projects. By raising the threshold for park projects to enter the park, priority is given to projects with independent innovation technology and products that can fill the gaps in China. At the same time, speed up the construction of innovation carrier in the park, establish a cooperation platform for industry, science and research and a number of industrial innovation centers, accelerate the promotion of independent innovation capabilities in the industry.
market-oriented mechanism to promote the healthy development of the industry. Foreign countries generally adopt a market-oriented approach to promote the healthy development of the chemical industry, through the role of associations, the establishment of market-oriented industrial injury insurance system, improve the trade association system, etc. , to fully mobilize the enthusiasm of enterprises for safe production, green upgrading. For example, Germany has established a two-track model of national security supervision and supervision by the Industrial Injury Insurance Association, which has played an important role in the work of safe production. China's enterprise safety production is still in the early stage of system construction, work injury insurance leverage has not yet played out, safety accident prevention "two legs" walking pattern has not yet been fully formed, the government-led color is stronger, enterprises have not yet from the passive response inspection mode to active independent management mode, industrial injury insurance leverage in the safety of production work still has a lot of room for action. We should actively promote domestic universities, scientific research institutions, community organizations, chemical enterprises and chemical parks to jointly establish self-regulatory organizations in the industry, improve the level of enterprise management through optimized networks and technical alliances, and carry out self-regulatory supervision of the industry.